c++ - C++ Deck 类中的段错误(核心已转储)

Question

我想从一类 Cards 中创建一个名为 Deck 的类。但是，每当我尝试查看我在 Deck 中放入的内容时，我都会收到一条错误消息，指出 Segmentation fault (core dumped)。我怎样才能解决这个问题？我从其他问题中读到我的程序可能正在尝试访问尚未分配的内存，但我不知道那发生在哪里。这是我写的代码:

甲板.h:

#ifndef DECK_H
#define DECK_H

#include <vector>

#include "card.h"

class Deck
{

    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &, Deck &);

    public:
            Deck();

            void shuffle();

    private:

            vector<Card> myDeck;
};

#endif

甲板.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>

#include "deck.h"
#include "card.h"

Deck::Deck()
{

    for(int i = 1; i <= 4; i++)
    {
            for(int j = 1; j <= 13; j++)
            {
                    Card myCard(j,i);
                    myDeck.push_back(myCard);
            }
    }
}

void Deck::shuffle()
{
    for(int i = 0; i < 52; i++)
    {
            Card temp(1,1);
            int swapID = rand() % 52;

            temp = this->myDeck[i];
            this->myDeck[i] = this->myDeck[swapID];
            this->myDeck[swapID] = temp;
    }
}

ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, Deck &theDeck)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < 52; i++)
    {
           cout << theDeck.myDeck[i];
    }
}

卡片.h:

#ifndef CARDS_H
#define CARDS_H

#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Card {

    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &, Card &);

    public:
            Card(int face, int suit);

            void showCard();

    private:

            string face;
            string suit;

            void processFace(int value);
            void processSuit(int suit);
};

#endif

卡片.cpp:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

#include "card.h"

using namespace std;

Card::Card(int face, int suit)
{
processFace(face);
processSuit(suit);

cout << "New card created" << endl;
}

void Card::showCard()
{
cout << "This is the " << this->face << " of " << this->suit << endl;
}

void Card::processFace(int value)
{

    switch(value)
    {
    case 1:
    {
        face = "Ace";
        break;
    }
    case 2:
    {
        face = "2";
        break;
    }
    case 3:
    {
        face = "3";
        break;
    }
    case 4:
    {
        face = "4";
        break;
    }
    case 5:
    {
        face = "5";
        break;
    }
    case 6:
    {
        face = "6";
        break;
    }
    case 7:
    {
        face = "8";
        break;
    }
    case 9:
    {
        face = "9";
        break;
    }
    case 10:
    {
        face = "10";
        break;
    }
    case 11:
    {
        face = "Jack";
        break;
    }
    case 12:
    {
        face = "Queen";
        break;
    }
    case 13:
    {
        face = "King";
        break;
    }
}
}

void Card::processSuit(int decider)
{
switch(decider)
{
    case 1:
    {
        suit = "Hearts";
        break;
    }
    case 2:
    {
        suit = "Diamonds";
        break;
    }
    case 3: 
    {
        suit = "Clubs";
        break;
    }
    case 4: 
    {
        suit = "Spades";
        break;
    }
}
}


ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, Card &myCard)
{
output << myCard.face << " of " << myCard.suit << endl;
}

主要.cpp:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include "card.h"
#include "deck.h"

using namespace std;

int main()
{

    Deck mainDeck;

    cout << mainDeck << endl << endl;

}

Answer 1

你的方法

ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, Deck &theDeck)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < 52; i++)
    {
           cout << theDeck.myDeck[i];
    }
}

应该返回 ostream& ，但它没有返回任何东西。此外，您应该调用 operator<<在 output而不是在 cout 上(您将 cout 传递给此方法):

ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, const Deck &theDeck)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < 52; i++)
    {
           output << theDeck.myDeck[i];
    }
    return output;
}

此外，请确保 operator<<对于 Card类型写得正确。