c++ - 如何调用确切的派生类方法？

Question

继续我之前的问题: How to return derived type?

I have a Validator class and derived classes from it; When i'm trying to return pointer to derived class then method return base class(Validator) instead of Derived.

我修改了我的类如下:

class Validator
{
public:
    std::string m_name = "BaseValidator";

    static const std::map<std::string, Validator *> validators();

    void validateModel(Model &model, const std::vector<std::string> &attrNames);
    static Validator *getByName(std::string &name);

    virtual void validateAttribute(Model &model, const std::string &attribute);
    virtual ~Validator();

    virtual std::string name() const;
};

const std::map<std::string, Validator*> Validator::validators()
{
    std::map<std::string, Validator*> result;
    result["required"] = new RequiredValidator();
    return result;
}

void Validator::validateModel(Model &model, const std::vector<std::string> &attrNames)
{      
     validateAttribute(model, name.at(0));    
}

Validator* Validator::getByName(std::string &name)
{
    auto g_validators = Validator::validators();
    auto validator = g_validators.find(name);
    if(validator != g_validators.end()){
        return validator->second;
    }else{
        std::cerr << "Unknow type of validator: " << name << std::endl;
    }
    return nullptr;
}

void Validator::validateAttribute(Model &model, const std::string &attribute)
{
    (void)model;
    (void)attribute;
    std::cout << this->name() << std::endl;
}

//------------------

class RequiredValidator : public Validator
{
public:
    std::string m_name = "RequiredValidator";

    void validateAttribute(Model &model, std::string &attribute);
    ~RequiredValidator();
    std::string name() const;
};


std::string RequiredValidator::name() const
{
    return m_name;
}

void RequiredValidator::validateAttribute(Model &model, std::string &attribute)
{
    (void) model;
    (void) attribute;
    std::cout << "RequiredValidator!!!" << std::endl;
}

RequiredValidator::~RequiredValidator()
{

}


//------------------

auto validator = Validator::getByName("required");

validator->name();// will output RequiredValidator

//next i'm calling 

validator->validateModel(); // whos calling validateAttribute() inside
//and it's output Validator::validateAttribute() //but i wan't
//RequiredValidator::validateAttribute(); 
//where i was wrong with logic???

The same virtual method name() working as i want, but validateAttribute() called from base class only.

Answer 1

仔细看看你是如何定义 void RequiredValidator::validateAttribute()

您可能会注意到签名与基本签名略有不同(std::string &attribute 不是 const)

有一个关键字 override 可以帮助编译器捕获这些类型的打字错误。