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javascript - d3 条形图 y 轴刻度线和高于最大值的网格线

转载 作者:太空宇宙 更新时间:2023-11-04 14:28:40 25 4
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在我的 d3 条形图中,我应该有 Y 轴动态刻度线和整数值的网格线(小数值没有刻度线和网格线)。最高栏的顶部也应该有刻度线和网格线。

在我的示例图表中,我将最大值传递给 y 轴域函数,如果最大值没有达到下一个范围,我如何才能确保多一条线并打勾。

Fiddle One这里第二根柱线的总值为 53,所以我预计在 55 处还有一个价格变动点和线。

Fiddle Two对于同一张图表,如果数据低于 10,它会在小数点处出现线条,例如 2.5、3.5 等。如何排除这些线条。

这里的刻度是根据值计算的。

// Setup svg using Bostock's margin convention

var margin = {top: 20, right: 160, bottom: 35, left: 30};

var width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
height = 500 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

var svg = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
.attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");


/* Data in strings like it would be if imported from a csv */

var data = [
{ year: "2006", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "9", pears: "6" },
{ year: "2007", redDelicious: "12", mcintosh: "18", oranges: "9", pears: "14" },
{ year: "2008", redDelicious: "05", mcintosh: "20", oranges: "8", pears: "2" },
{ year: "2009", redDelicious: "01", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "5", pears: "4" },
{ year: "2010", redDelicious: "02", mcintosh: "10", oranges: "4", pears: "2" },
{ year: "2011", redDelicious: "03", mcintosh: "12", oranges: "6", pears: "3" },
{ year: "2012", redDelicious: "04", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "8", pears: "1" },
{ year: "2013", redDelicious: "06", mcintosh: "11", oranges: "9", pears: "4" },
{ year: "2014", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "13", oranges: "9", pears: "5" },
{ year: "2015", redDelicious: "16", mcintosh: "19", oranges: "6", pears: "9" },
{ year: "2016", redDelicious: "19", mcintosh: "17", oranges: "5", pears: "7" },
];

var parse = d3.time.format("%Y").parse;


// Transpose the data into layers
var dataset = d3.layout.stack()(["redDelicious", "mcintosh", "oranges", "pears"].map(function(fruit) {
return data.map(function(d) {
return {x: parse(d.year), y: +d[fruit]};
});
}));


// Set x, y and colors
var x = d3.scale.ordinal()
.domain(dataset[0].map(function(d) { return d.x; }))
.rangeRoundBands([10, width-10], 0.02);

var y = d3.scale.linear()
.domain([0, d3.max(dataset, function(d) { return d3.max(d, function(d) { return d.y0 + d.y; }); })])
.range([height, 0]);

var colors = ["b33040", "#d25c4d", "#f2b447", "#d9d574"];


// Define and draw axes
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(y)
.orient("left")
.tickSize(-width, 0, 0)
.tickFormat(d3.format("d"));

var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(x)
.orient("bottom")
.tickFormat(d3.time.format("%Y"));

svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "y axis")
.call(yAxis);

svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "x axis")
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
.call(xAxis);


// Create groups for each series, rects for each segment
var groups = svg.selectAll("g.cost")
.data(dataset)
.enter().append("g")
.attr("class", "cost")
.style("fill", function(d, i) { return colors[i]; });

var rect = groups.selectAll("rect")
.data(function(d) { return d; })
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("x", function(d) { return x(d.x); })
.attr("y", function(d) { return y(d.y0 + d.y); })
.attr("height", function(d) { return y(d.y0) - y(d.y0 + d.y); })
.attr("width", x.rangeBand())
.on("mouseover", function() { tooltip.style("display", null); })
.on("mouseout", function() { tooltip.style("display", "none"); })
.on("mousemove", function(d) {
var xPosition = d3.mouse(this)[0] - 15;
var yPosition = d3.mouse(this)[1] - 25;
tooltip.attr("transform", "translate(" + xPosition + "," + yPosition + ")");
tooltip.select("text").text(d.y);
});


// Draw legend
var legend = svg.selectAll(".legend")
.data(colors)
.enter().append("g")
.attr("class", "legend")
.attr("transform", function(d, i) { return "translate(30," + i * 19 + ")"; });

legend.append("rect")
.attr("x", width - 18)
.attr("width", 18)
.attr("height", 18)
.style("fill", function(d, i) {return colors.slice().reverse()[i];});

legend.append("text")
.attr("x", width + 5)
.attr("y", 9)
.attr("dy", ".35em")
.style("text-anchor", "start")
.text(function(d, i) {
switch (i) {
case 0: return "Anjou pears";
case 1: return "Naval oranges";
case 2: return "McIntosh apples";
case 3: return "Red Delicious apples";
}
});


// Prep the tooltip bits, initial display is hidden
var tooltip = svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "tooltip")
.style("display", "none");

tooltip.append("rect")
.attr("width", 30)
.attr("height", 20)
.attr("fill", "white")
.style("opacity", 0.5);

tooltip.append("text")
.attr("x", 15)
.attr("dy", "1.2em")
.style("text-anchor", "middle")
.attr("font-size", "12px")
.attr("font-weight", "bold");

最佳答案

问题一

您可能不得不使用 tickValues传递您自己的自定义刻度。如果您总体上对 d3 的工作方式感到满意,您可以添加一个额外的检查来扩展数组:

var ticks = y.ticks(),
lastTick = ticks[ticks.length-1],
newLastTick = lastTick + (ticks[1] - ticks[0]);
if (lastTick<y.domain()[1]){
ticks.push(newLastTick);
}
y.domain([y.domain()[0], newLastTick]); //<-- adjust domain for further value

// Define and draw axes
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(y)
.orient("left")
.tickSize(-width, 0, 0)
.tickFormat( function(d) { return d } )
.tickValues(ticks);

运行代码:

// Setup svg using Bostock's margin convention

var margin = {top: 15, right: 160, bottom: 35, left: 30};

var width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
height = 500 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

var svg = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
.attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");


/* Data in strings like it would be if imported from a csv */

var data = [
{ year: "2006", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "9", pears: "6" },
{ year: "2007", redDelicious: "12", mcintosh: "18", oranges: "9", pears: "14" },
{ year: "2008", redDelicious: "05", mcintosh: "20", oranges: "8", pears: "2" },
{ year: "2009", redDelicious: "01", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "5", pears: "4" },
{ year: "2010", redDelicious: "02", mcintosh: "10", oranges: "4", pears: "2" },
{ year: "2011", redDelicious: "03", mcintosh: "12", oranges: "6", pears: "3" },
{ year: "2012", redDelicious: "04", mcintosh: "15", oranges: "8", pears: "1" },
{ year: "2013", redDelicious: "06", mcintosh: "11", oranges: "9", pears: "4" },
{ year: "2014", redDelicious: "10", mcintosh: "13", oranges: "9", pears: "5" },
{ year: "2015", redDelicious: "16", mcintosh: "19", oranges: "6", pears: "9" },
{ year: "2016", redDelicious: "19", mcintosh: "17", oranges: "5", pears: "7" },
];

var parse = d3.time.format("%Y").parse;


// Transpose the data into layers
var dataset = d3.layout.stack()(["redDelicious", "mcintosh", "oranges", "pears"].map(function(fruit) {
return data.map(function(d) {
return {x: parse(d.year), y: +d[fruit]};
});
}));


// Set x, y and colors
var x = d3.scale.ordinal()
.domain(dataset[0].map(function(d) { return d.x; }))
.rangeRoundBands([10, width-10], 0.02);

var y = d3.scale.linear()
.domain([0, d3.max(dataset, function(d) { return d3.max(d, function(d) { return d.y0 + d.y; }); })])
.range([height, 0]);

var colors = ["b33040", "#d25c4d", "#f2b447", "#d9d574"];

var ticks = y.ticks(),
lastTick = ticks[ticks.length-1],
newLastTick = lastTick + (ticks[1] - ticks[0]);
if (lastTick<y.domain()[1]){
ticks.push(newLastTick);
}
y.domain([y.domain()[0], newLastTick]);

// Define and draw axes
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(y)
.orient("left")
.tickSize(-width, 0, 0)
.tickFormat( function(d) { return d } )
.tickValues(ticks);


var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(x)
.orient("bottom")
.tickFormat(d3.time.format("%Y"));

svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "y axis")
.call(yAxis);

svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "x axis")
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
.call(xAxis);


// Create groups for each series, rects for each segment
var groups = svg.selectAll("g.cost")
.data(dataset)
.enter().append("g")
.attr("class", "cost")
.style("fill", function(d, i) { return colors[i]; });

var rect = groups.selectAll("rect")
.data(function(d) { return d; })
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("x", function(d) { return x(d.x); })
.attr("y", function(d) { return y(d.y0 + d.y); })
.attr("height", function(d) { return y(d.y0) - y(d.y0 + d.y); })
.attr("width", x.rangeBand())
.on("mouseover", function() { tooltip.style("display", null); })
.on("mouseout", function() { tooltip.style("display", "none"); })
.on("mousemove", function(d) {
var xPosition = d3.mouse(this)[0] - 15;
var yPosition = d3.mouse(this)[1] - 25;
tooltip.attr("transform", "translate(" + xPosition + "," + yPosition + ")");
tooltip.select("text").text(d.y);
});


// Draw legend
var legend = svg.selectAll(".legend")
.data(colors)
.enter().append("g")
.attr("class", "legend")
.attr("transform", function(d, i) { return "translate(30," + i * 19 + ")"; });

legend.append("rect")
.attr("x", width - 18)
.attr("width", 18)
.attr("height", 18)
.style("fill", function(d, i) {return colors.slice().reverse()[i];});

legend.append("text")
.attr("x", width + 5)
.attr("y", 9)
.attr("dy", ".35em")
.style("text-anchor", "start")
.text(function(d, i) {
switch (i) {
case 0: return "Anjou pears";
case 1: return "Naval oranges";
case 2: return "McIntosh apples";
case 3: return "Red Delicious apples";
}
});


// Prep the tooltip bits, initial display is hidden
var tooltip = svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "tooltip")
.style("display", "none");

tooltip.append("rect")
.attr("width", 30)
.attr("height", 20)
.attr("fill", "white")
.style("opacity", 0.5);

tooltip.append("text")
.attr("x", 15)
.attr("dy", "1.2em")
.style("text-anchor", "middle")
.attr("font-size", "12px")
.attr("font-weight", "bold");
svg {
font: 10px sans-serif;
shape-rendering: crispEdges;
}

.axis path,
.axis line {
fill: none;
stroke: #000;
}

path.domain {
stroke: none;
}

.y .tick line {
stroke: #ddd;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/3.4.11/d3.min.js"></script>

问题二

同样,您可以让 d3 提出报价,然后过滤掉您不想要的报价:

var ticks = y.ticks().filter(function(d){
return parseInt(d) === d; // is it a integer?
})

// Define and draw axes
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(y)
.orient("left")
.tickSize(-width, 0, 0)
.tickValues(ticks);

运行代码:

// Setup svg using Bostock's margin convention

var margin = {top: 20, right: 160, bottom: 35, left: 30};

var width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
height = 500 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

var svg = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
.attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");


/* Data in strings like it would be if imported from a csv */

var data = [
{ year: "2006", redDelicious: "1", mcintosh: "3" },
{ year: "2007", redDelicious: "2", mcintosh: "1"},
{ year: "2008", redDelicious: "0", mcintosh: "2"}
];

var parse = d3.time.format("%Y").parse;


// Transpose the data into layers
var dataset = d3.layout.stack()(["redDelicious", "mcintosh", "oranges", "pears"].map(function(fruit) {
return data.map(function(d) {
return {x: parse(d.year), y: +d[fruit]};
});
}));


// Set x, y and colors
var x = d3.scale.ordinal()
.domain(dataset[0].map(function(d) { return d.x; }))
.rangeRoundBands([10, width-10], 0.02);

var y = d3.scale.linear()
.domain([0, d3.max(dataset, function(d) { return d3.max(d, function(d) { return d.y0 + d.y; }); })])
.range([height, 0]);

var colors = ["b33040", "#d25c4d", "#f2b447", "#d9d574"];

var ticks = y.ticks().filter(function(d){
return parseInt(d) === d;
})

// Define and draw axes
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(y)
.orient("left")
.tickSize(-width, 0, 0)
.tickValues(ticks);

var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(x)
.orient("bottom")
.tickFormat(d3.time.format("%Y"));

svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "y axis")
.call(yAxis);

svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "x axis")
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
.call(xAxis);


// Create groups for each series, rects for each segment
var groups = svg.selectAll("g.cost")
.data(dataset)
.enter().append("g")
.attr("class", "cost")
.style("fill", function(d, i) { return colors[i]; });

var rect = groups.selectAll("rect")
.data(function(d) { return d; })
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("x", function(d) { return x(d.x); })
.attr("y", function(d) { return y(d.y0 + d.y); })
.attr("height", function(d) { return y(d.y0) - y(d.y0 + d.y); })
.attr("width", x.rangeBand())
.on("mouseover", function() { tooltip.style("display", null); })
.on("mouseout", function() { tooltip.style("display", "none"); })
.on("mousemove", function(d) {
var xPosition = d3.mouse(this)[0] - 15;
var yPosition = d3.mouse(this)[1] - 25;
tooltip.attr("transform", "translate(" + xPosition + "," + yPosition + ")");
tooltip.select("text").text(d.y);
});


// Draw legend
var legend = svg.selectAll(".legend")
.data(colors)
.enter().append("g")
.attr("class", "legend")
.attr("transform", function(d, i) { return "translate(30," + i * 19 + ")"; });

legend.append("rect")
.attr("x", width - 18)
.attr("width", 18)
.attr("height", 18)
.style("fill", function(d, i) {return colors.slice().reverse()[i];});

legend.append("text")
.attr("x", width + 5)
.attr("y", 9)
.attr("dy", ".35em")
.style("text-anchor", "start")
.text(function(d, i) {
switch (i) {
case 0: return "Anjou pears";
case 1: return "Naval oranges";
case 2: return "McIntosh apples";
case 3: return "Red Delicious apples";
}
});


// Prep the tooltip bits, initial display is hidden
var tooltip = svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "tooltip")
.style("display", "none");

tooltip.append("rect")
.attr("width", 30)
.attr("height", 20)
.attr("fill", "white")
.style("opacity", 0.5);

tooltip.append("text")
.attr("x", 15)
.attr("dy", "1.2em")
.style("text-anchor", "middle")
.attr("font-size", "12px")
.attr("font-weight", "bold");
  svg {
font: 10px sans-serif;
shape-rendering: crispEdges;
}

.axis path,
.axis line {
fill: none;
stroke: #000;
}

path.domain {
stroke: none;
}

.y .tick line {
stroke: #ddd;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/3.4.11/d3.min.js"></script>

关于javascript - d3 条形图 y 轴刻度线和高于最大值的网格线,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42737082/

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