Java JAMA 不兼容无法转换错误

Question

我正在尝试编写一段代码，允许我创建 2x2 矩阵，然后使用 JAMA 库 ( http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/ ) 来计算我刚刚创建的矩阵的特征值和特征向量。然后，我将使用迹确定形式将特征值与​​分析方法进行比较。

我的代码如下。第一个 block 是生成 2x2 矩阵，然后第二个代码块是计算特征值和特征向量

import Jama.Matrix;
import Jama.EigenvalueDecomposition;
import Jama.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Code to generate a 2x2 matrix then find its eigenvalues and eigenvectors
 * Check eigenvalue computation using trick for 2x2 case 
 * ^(only possible for 2x2, not in general possible for general nxn)
 */
public class Matrix_For_Eval_Calc
{
    // instance variables - replace the example below with your own
    public Matrix A;
    // Create empty 2x2 array

    /**
     * Constructor for objects of class EigenvalueProblem
     * Input elements in array
     * Fill in elements of 2x2 matrix
     */
     public void PopulateMatrix()
    {
        // initialise instance variables
        // Prompt User Input for a_1,1 a_1,2 a_2,1 and a_2,2
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.println("Enter the element a_{1,1}: ");
        double a_11 = in.nextInt();
        System.out.println("a_{1,1} = " + a_11 );

        System.out.println("Enter the element a_{1,2}: ");
        double a_12 = in.nextInt();
        System.out.println("a_{1,2} = " + a_12 );

        System.out.println("Enter the element a_{2,1}: ");
        double a_21 = in.nextInt();
        System.out.println("a_{2,1} = " + a_21 );

        System.out.println("Enter the element a_{2,2}: ");
        double a_22 = in.nextInt();
        System.out.println("a_{2,2} = " + a_22 );

        double[][] array = { {a_11 , a_12} , {a_21 , a_22} };
        Matrix A = new Matrix(array); 
        // System.out.println(A);
        // System.out.println(a_11 + "," + a_12);
        // System.out.println(a_21 + "," + a_22);
    }

}

这是为了创建矩阵。然后我想在下一个代码中使用该矩阵。当我使用“return A;”时'' 我收到另一个错误，提示“不兼容的类型:意外的返回值”

    import Jama.Matrix;
import Jama.EigenvalueDecomposition;
import Jama.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Write a description of class EvalCalculation here.
 * 
 * @author (your name) 
 * @version (a version number or a date)
 */
public class EvalCalculation
{
    // instance variables - replace the example below with your own
    //private int x;

    public void EigenvalueCalc(Matrix InputMatrix) 
    {
        EigenvalueDecomposition somematrix = new EigenvalueDecomposition(InputMatrix);
        Matrix S = somematrix.getV();
        System.out.println("V = " + S);
        // Compute Evals and e-vecs
        // Print out
    }

当我创建一个矩阵，填充值，然后尝试在下一段代码中使用它时，我收到有关不兼容文件类型的错误，并且 Matrix_For_Eval_Calc 无法转换为矩阵。我想这是因为没有返回矩阵，但不知道如何解决这个问题。

非常感谢任何建议。

编辑:

import Jama.Matrix;
import Jama.EigenvalueDecomposition;
import Jama.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Code to generate a 2x2 matrix then find its eigenvalues and eigenvectors
 * Check eigenvalue computation using trick for 2x2 case 
 * ^(only possible for 2x2, not in general possible for general nxn)
 */
public class MatrixForEvalCalc
{
    // instance variables - replace the example below with your own
    public Matrix A;
    // Create empty 2x2 array

    /**
     * Constructor for objects of class EigenvalueProblem
     * Input elements in array
     * Fill in elements of 2x2 matrix
     */
     public void populateMatrix()
    {
        // initialise instance variables
        // Prompt User Input for a_1,1 a_1,2 a_2,1 and a_2,2
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.println("Enter the element a_{1,1}: ");
        double a_11 = in.nextInt();
        System.out.println("a_{1,1} = " + a_11 );

        System.out.println("Enter the element a_{1,2}: ");
        double a_12 = in.nextInt();
        System.out.println("a_{1,2} = " + a_12 );

        System.out.println("Enter the element a_{2,1}: ");
        double a_21 = in.nextInt();
        System.out.println("a_{2,1} = " + a_21 );

        System.out.println("Enter the element a_{2,2}: ");
        double a_22 = in.nextInt();
        System.out.println("a_{2,2} = " + a_22 );

        double[][] array = { {a_11 , a_12} , {a_21 , a_22} };
        this.A = new Matrix(array); 
        // return A;
    }

}

第二部分

import Jama.Matrix;
import Jama.EigenvalueDecomposition;
import Jama.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Write a description of class EvalCalculation here.
 * 
 * @author (your name) 
 * @version (a version number or a date)
 */
public class EvalCalculation
{
    // instance variables - replace the example below with your own
    //private int x;

    public void eigenvalueCalc(Matrix inputMatrix) 
    {
        EigenvalueDecomposition someMatrix = new EigenvalueDecomposition(inputMatrix);
        Matrix S = someMatrix.getV();
        System.out.println("V = " + S);
        // Compute Evals and e-vecs
        // Print out
    }
}

我创建一个矩阵并填充它。然后使用您建议的输入

MatrixForEvalCalc matrixWrapper = new MatrixForEvalCalc();
matrixWrapper.PopulateMatrix();
EigenvalueCalc(matrixWrapper.A);

然后我得到输出V = Jama.Matrix@1b213c5

关于如何使其正确输出矩阵有什么建议吗？

Answer 1

注意PopulateMatrix()的返回类型:

public void PopulateMatrix() { ... }

您说它不返回任何内容，将其设置为void，因此当您尝试返回Matrix时，您会收到一条错误消息，指出这是意外的返回类型。

如果您想从 PopulateMatrix() 返回一个 Matrix，您应该将其返回类型更改为 Matrix:

public Matrix PopulateMatrix() {
    // rest of the code
    double[][] array = { {a_11 , a_12} , {a_21 , a_22} };
    Matrix A = new Matrix(array);
    return A;
}

但这也许并不完全是您想要的。您已经声明了一个实例字段Matrix A。当您执行 Matrix A = new Matrix(array) 时，您将创建一个具有相同名称的局部变量，而不是为实例字段分配值。如果您想稍后执行，可以将返回类型保留为 void:

public void PopulateMatrix() {
    // rest of the code
    double[][] array = { {a_11 , a_12} , {a_21 , a_22} };
    this.A = new Matrix(array);
}

并直接访问该字段(因为您将其公开):

Matrix_For_Eval_Calc matrixWrapper = new Matrix_For_Eval_Calc();
matrixWrapper.PopulateMatrix();
EigenvalueCalc(matrixWrapper.A);

顺便说一句，在命名变量、方法和类时，您应该尝试遵循 Java 约定:

1. 变量名称应采用小写字母开头的驼峰式命名法:InputMatrix 应为 InputMatrix。
2. 方法名称应采用小写字母开头的驼峰式命名法:PopulateMatrix() 应为 populateMatrix()，EigenvalueCalc() 应为 eigenvalueCalc()。
3. 类名称应采用驼峰式大小写，并以大写字母开头:Matrix_For_Eval_Calc 应为 MatrixForEvalCalc。