c++ - 如何在 Windows 上正确实现 CaptureStackBackTrace

Question

有一种在 MS windows 上检索堆栈跟踪的方法:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb204633%28v=vs.85%29.aspx

我尝试在我的应用程序(不只在 Windows 上运行)中使用它来实现它:

#elif defined HUGGLE_WIN
    result = "";
    unsigned int   i;
    void          *stack[HUGGLE_STACK];
    unsigned short frames;
    SYMBOL_INFO   *symbol;
    HANDLE         process;
    process = GetCurrentProcess();
    SymInitialize( process, NULL, TRUE );
    frames               = CaptureStackBackTrace( 0, HUGGLE_STACK, stack, NULL );
    symbol               = ( SYMBOL_INFO * )calloc( sizeof( SYMBOL_INFO ) + 256 * sizeof( char ), 1 );
    symbol->MaxNameLen   = 255;
    symbol->SizeOfStruct = sizeof( SYMBOL_INFO );
    for( i = 0; i < frames; i++ )
    {
        SymFromAddr( process, ( DWORD64 )( stack[ i ] ), 0, symbol );
        QString symbol_name = "unknown symbol";
        if (!QString(symbol->Name).isEmpty())
        symbol_name = QString(symbol->Name);
        result += QString(QString::number(frames - i - 1) + QString(" ") + symbol_name + QString(" 0x") +
                          QString::number(symbol->Address, 16) + QString("\n"));
    }
    free( symbol );
#else

然而，尽管这个“有效”，但我只获得了第三个库的符号名称，而不是我自己的应用程序中的函数的符号名称，尽管我看到了它们的框架。这些具有空符号和地址 0x0，请参见示例输出:

34 unknown symbol 0x0
33 unknown symbol 0x0
32 unknown symbol 0x0
31 unknown symbol 0x0
30 unknown symbol 0x0
29 ZN11QMetaObject8activateEP7QObjectiiPPv 0x6b954a50
28 ZN11QMetaObject8activateEP7QObjectPKS_iPPv 0x6b95495e
27 ZN6QTimer7timeoutENS_14QPrivateSignalE 0x6b9ad018
26 ZN6QTimer10timerEventEP11QTimerEvent 0x6b9588ea
25 ZN7QObject5eventEP6QEvent 0x6b94f3fc
24 ZN19QApplicationPrivate13notify_helperEP7QObjectP6QEvent 0x2259ddfe
23 ZN12QApplication6notifyEP7QObjectP6QEvent 0x2259b4a4
22 ZN12QApplication6notifyEP7QObjectP6QEvent 0x2259b4a4
21 ZN16QCoreApplication14notifyInternalEP7QObjectP6QEvent 0x6b929e6c
20 ZN16QCoreApplication9sendEventEP7QObjectP6QEvent 0x6b9cf5ac
19 ZN28QEventDispatcherWin32Private14sendTimerEventEi 0x6b97904c
18 ZN28QEventDispatcherWin32Private21activateEventNotifierEP17QWinEventNotifier 0x6b978260
17 gapfnScSendMessage 0x76305fc8
16 GetThreadDesktop 0x76306c63
15 CharPrevW 0x7630768c
14 DispatchMessageW 0x7630787b
13 ZN21QEventDispatcherWin3213processEventsE6QFlagsIN10QEventLoop17ProcessEventsFlagEE 0x6b979682
12 ZN21QEventDispatcherWin3213processEventsE6QFlagsIN10QEventLoop17ProcessEventsFlagEE 0x6b979682
11 ZN10QEventLoop13processEventsE6QFlagsINS_17ProcessEventsFlagEE 0x6b927f3c
10 ZN10QEventLoop4execE6QFlagsINS_17ProcessEventsFlagEE 0x6b9280ec
9 ZN16QCoreApplication4execEv 0x6b92a3dc
8 ZN15QGuiApplication4execEv 0x4606506
7 ZN12QApplication4execEv 0x2259b34a
6 ZN12QApplication4execEv 0x2259b34a
5 ZN12QApplication4execEv 0x2259b34a
4 ZN12QApplication4execEv 0x2259b34a
3 ZN12QApplication4execEv 0x2259b34a
2 BaseThreadInitThunk 0x76633378
1 RtlInitializeExceptionChain 0x778dbecf
0 RtlInitializeExceptionChain 0x778dbecf

这 5 个未知数是我程序中的函数。为什么我看不到它们？

Answer 1

请注意，来自 MS DbgHelp.dll 的符号解析可能不适用于 gcc (MinGW) 程序。 GCC 工具附带一个单独的工具“addr2line”，应该在这里有所帮助。

到目前为止，您所获得的 Qt-DLL 只是导出的符号。仅对于 native Windows-DLL，未损坏的符号是可见的。您的程序是否导出符号？ (例如，exe 通常不导出符号。)您也可以尝试将您的代码移动到具有导出符号的 DLL 中，以至少看到这些符号 - 虽然被破坏了。

在输出中还向我们展示了 stack[i] 的内容。