Java 创建一个新的 xml 文件并附加它

Question

我开发了一种获取 List 集合的方法，其中的数据需要写入 XML 文件。首先，我检查文件是否存在，根据是否存在，我创建一个新文件并写入数据或附加数据

我找不到错误所在，我检查了以下链接，但我认为我远远超出了解决方案。

http://www.coderanch.com/t/561569/XML/Appending-data-existing-XML-file

它首先成功创建了文件，当时没有问题，但是当它确实要附加文件时，我确实遇到了异常:

文档中根元素后面的标记必须格式正确。 createXMLFile org.xml.sax.SAXParseException 中出现异常；系统ID:

示例 xml 文件是:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
    <text>
        <sentence>
            <word>data</word>
            <word>data1</word>
            <word>data2</word>
            <word>data3</word>
            <word>data4</word>
            <word>data5</word>
    </sentence>
</text>



protected boolean fileExists(String filePath) {
        if (new File(filePath).isFile())
            return new File(filePath).exists();
        return false;
    }

public File write(List<Sentence> sentenceData) {
        File file = null;
        try {
            final String fileName = getWorkingPath() + FileConstants.XML_FILE_NAME;
            boolean fileExist = fileExists(fileName);
            DocumentBuilderFactory docFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory
                    .newInstance();
            DocumentBuilder docBuilder = docFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
            Document doc = null;
            if(fileExist)
                doc = docBuilder.parse(fileName);
            else
                doc = docBuilder.newDocument();
            // text element
            Element rootElement = doc.createElement("text");
            doc.appendChild(rootElement);

            // Iterate through sentence data
            ListIterator<Sentence> listIterator = sentenceData.listIterator();
            while (listIterator.hasNext()) {
                Sentence obj = (Sentence) listIterator.next();

                // sentence elements
                Element sentence = doc.createElement("sentence");
                rootElement.appendChild(sentence);

                // Iterate through words in the sentence
                for (String wordListData : obj.getWordList()) {
                    String wordData = wordListData;

                    // word elements in a sentence
                    Element word = doc.createElement("word");
                    word.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(wordData));
                    sentence.appendChild(word);
                }

                // remove the element
                listIterator.remove();
            }

            // write the content into xml file
            Transformer transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(); 
            transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
            StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new FileWriter(fileName));
            DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);
            transformer.transform(source, result);

        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
            logger.error("Exception in createXMLFile " + e);
        } catch (TransformerException e) {
            logger.error("Exception in createXMLFile " + e);
        } catch (SAXException e) {
            logger.error("Exception in createXMLFile " + e);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("Exception in createXMLFile " + e);
        }
        return file;
    }

编辑:我已经发现了我错过的内容，并很高兴将答案放在这里，但我迟到了:)下面是您可能找到的完整源代码。希望将来对其他人有所帮助。

public File write(List<Sentence> sentenceData) {
    final String fileName = getWorkingPath() + FileConstants.XML_FILE_NAME;
    final boolean fileExist = fileExists(fileName);
    File file = new File(fileName);

    try {
        DocumentBuilderFactory docFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory
                .newInstance();
        DocumentBuilder docBuilder = docFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
        Document doc = null;
        Element textElement = null;
        //Proceed depending on file existence
        if(fileExist){
            //File exists
            doc = docBuilder.parse(file);
            textElement = doc.getDocumentElement();
            // Iterate through sentence data
            ListIterator<Sentence> listIterator = sentenceData.listIterator();
            while (listIterator.hasNext()) {
                Sentence obj = (Sentence) listIterator.next();
                Element sentenceElement = doc.createElement("sentence");

                //Iterate through word list
                for(String word : obj.getWordList()){
                    Element wordElement = doc.createElement("word");
                    wordElement.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(word));
                    sentenceElement.appendChild(wordElement);
                }
                textElement.appendChild(sentenceElement);
            }
        }else{
            //File does not exist
            doc = docBuilder.newDocument();
            textElement = doc.createElement("text");
            doc.appendChild(textElement);
            // Iterate through sentence data
            ListIterator<Sentence> listIterator = sentenceData.listIterator();
            while (listIterator.hasNext()) {
                Sentence obj = (Sentence) listIterator.next();

                // sentence elements
                Element sentenceElement = doc.createElement("sentence");
                textElement.appendChild(sentenceElement);

                // Iterate through words in the sentence
                for (String wordListData : obj.getWordList()) {
                    String wordData = wordListData;

                    // word elements in a sentence
                    Element wordElement = doc.createElement("word");
                    wordElement.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(wordData));
                    sentenceElement.appendChild(wordElement);
                }
            }
        }

        Transformer transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance()
                .newTransformer();
        DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);
        StreamResult result = new StreamResult(file);
        transformer.transform(source, result);
    } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
        logger.error("Exception in write " + e);
    } catch (SAXException e) {
        logger.error("Exception in write " + e);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        logger.error("Exception in write " + e);
    } catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
        logger.error("Exception in write " + e);
    } catch (TransformerFactoryConfigurationError e) {
        logger.error("Exception in write " + e);
    } catch (TransformerException e) {
        logger.error("Exception in write " + e);
    }

    return file;

}

Answer 1

我在这里模拟了您的代码，并意识到您没有在 XML 文件中创建有效的根元素，这就是您收到异常的原因。

查看我运行写入方法的结果:

public static void main(String... x) {
    Sentence s = new Sentence();
    Main m = new Main();
    List<Sentence> list = new ArrayList<Sentence>();
    list.add(s);
    m.write(list);
}

句子类别:

public class Sentence {
    public String[] getWordList() {
        return new String[] { "w4", "w5", "w6" }; // previous: w1,w2,w3
    }
}

文件.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<text>
    <sentence>
        <word>w1</word>
        <word>w2</word>
        <word>w3</word>
    </sentence>
    <sentence>
        <word>w4</word>
        <word>w5</word>
        <word>w6</word>
    </sentence>
    <sentence>
        <word>w4</word>
        <word>w5</word>
        <word>w6</word>
    </sentence>
</text>

解决方案:只需将您的代码替换为以下内容即可:

// text element
Element rootElement = null;
if (!fileExist) {
    rootElement = doc.createElement("text");
    doc.appendChild(rootElement);
} else {
    rootElement = doc.getDocumentElement(); // get the root [text] element
}