java - 基于多个参数返回结果的模式

Question

我正在处理遗留代码，其中一个方法应该根据多个参数返回结果。代码中使用的模式有效，但我在想是否可以进一步改进。我举个例子

假设我有一个 JobPosting 类，它具有各种属性

class JobPosting {
    int jobPostingId;
    String description;
    Dept dept; // A posting ca belong to 1 department at a time
    Location loc; // A job posting can belong to 1 location at a time
    String created By;
    int headcount; // number of people required to fill the job posting
    List<User> assignedUsers; // number  of people who have applied for the posting already
    List<User> reservedUsers; // users who are eligible to apply for the posting, if this is empty, then anyone can apply to posting
    DateTime visibleDate; // date from when posting is visible to users
    Date endDate; // posting's deadline
    ...
}

这些发布的详细信息存储在数据库中的一个表中

现在我有各种用例来获取帖子:

- Get job postings for a loc & dept- I only care about description and headcount.
- Get job posintgs for a loc & dept with users who have filled the postings
- Get job postings for a loc & dept with users who have filled and users who are eligible for the postings
- Get job postings for a loc & dept which are visibleToUsers (visibleDate < curdate)

依此类推，我可以根据场景有多种获取帖子的可能性。

当前的实现是我们有参数的构建器模式

class postingsParams {
    boolean excludeFilledPostings;
    boolean excludeNonVisiblePostings;
    boolean returnAssignedUsers;
    boolean returnEligibleUsers;
}

以及一种方法，该方法接受参数并确定要填写 JobPostings 中的哪些字段以及要排除哪些帖子

getPostingsByLocDept(loc, dept, postingsParamas) { ...// code calls dynamic SQL queries to return results and if conditions to filter }

这似乎工作正常，但我不喜欢的是

- Each caller must be aware of all the possible crtireia to search
- If in future I want to add another criteria like excludePostingsWithPassedDeadline, I need to make changes to this method and need to test all the places where it is called to make sure nothing breaks

一种方法是为用例创建特定的 get 方法，但通过这种方法，我们最终可能会得到多个 get 方法，这可能是不可取的。

有没有办法改进这种设计，或者当前的方法是处理这种情况的最佳方法吗？

Answer 1

我建议使用 JPA，使用 spring 实现(例如使用依赖项 org.springframework.data:spring-data-jpa:1.7.2.RELEASE)。

然后你只需定义扩展 CrudRepository 的接口(interface)，例如:

public interface MyEntityRepo extends CrudRepository<MyEntity, Long>
{
    public Collection<MyEntity> findByAccountIdAndProductId( 
                                                       Long aAccountId, 
                                                       Long aProductId );

    MyEntity findByDeviceHwIdAndLicenseLicenseLicenseeName( String aHwId, String aLicenseeName );

    etc.

其中 MyEntity 是带注释的 POJO bean，例如:

@Entity
@Table( name = "my_entity" )
public class MyEntity implements java.io.Serializable
{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 0L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue( strategy = IDENTITY )
    @Column( name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false )
    private Long Id;

    @Column( name = "account_id", nullable = false )
    private long accountId;

    @Column( name = "product_id", nullable = false )
    private long productId;

    @ManyToOne( fetch = FetchType.LAZY )
    @JoinColumn( name = "license_id", nullable = false )
    private License license;

etc.

其中 License 是一个带有字符串成员licenseeName 的联合实体。

JPA 框架自动解析此类接口(interface)方法，无需手动定义查询。