c++ - 根据没有类或结构的另一个 vector 的元素对一个 vector 进行排序

Question

#include <algorithm>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

const int max_applications_num = 1000;

vector<string> vector_authors;
vector<string> vector_titles;
vector<string> vector_venue;
vector<int> vector_year;
vector<string> vector_presentation;

void Tokenize(string line, vector<string> &tokens, string delimiters = "\t ") {
    string token = "";
    string OneCharString = " ";
    for (int i = 0; i < line.size(); i++)
        if (find(delimiters.begin(), delimiters.end(), line[i]) !=
            delimiters.end()) // line[i] is one of the delimiter characters
        {
            if (token != "")
                tokens.push_back(token);
            token = "";
        } else {
            OneCharString[0] = line[i];
            token += OneCharString;
        }

    if (token != "")
        tokens.push_back(token);
}

void SaveApplication(const vector<string> &tokens) {

    string authors = tokens[1];
    string title = tokens[2];
    string venue = tokens[3];
    int year = atoi(tokens[4].c_str());
    string presentation = tokens[5];

    vector_authors.push_back(authors);
    vector_titles.push_back(title);
    vector_venue.push_back(venue);
    vector_year.push_back(year);
    vector_presentation.push_back(presentation);

    // cout << "in save" << endl;
}

void remove_application(int pos) {

    vector_authors.erase(vector_authors.begin() + pos);
    vector_titles.erase(vector_titles.begin() + pos);
    vector_venue.erase(vector_venue.begin() + pos);
    vector_year.erase(vector_year.begin() + pos);
    vector_presentation.erase(vector_presentation.begin() + pos);

    // cout << "in remove" << endl;
}

void sort() {
    for (int j = 0; j <= vector_year.size() - 1; j++) {

        int temp1 = vector_year.at(j);
        int i = j - 1;
        while (i > -1 and vector_year.at(i) > temp1) {
            vector_year.at(i + 1) = vector_year.at(i);
            i = i - 1;
        }
        vector_year.at(i + 1) = temp1;
    }

    for (int j = 0; j <= vector_authors.size() - 1; j++) {
        string temp2 = vector_authors.at(j);
        int i = j - 1;
        while (i > -1 and vector_authors.at(i) > temp2) {
            vector_authors.at(i + 1) = vector_authors.at(i);
            i = i - 1;
        }
        vector_authors.at(i + 1) = temp2;
    }

    for (int j = 0; j <= vector_titles.size() - 1; j++) {
        string temp3 = vector_titles.at(j);
        int i = j - 1;
        while (i > -1 and vector_titles.at(i) > temp3) {
            vector_titles.at(i + 1) = vector_titles.at(i);
            i = i - 1;
        }
        vector_titles.at(i + 1) = temp3;
    }
    for (int j = 0; j <= vector_venue.size() - 1; j++) {
        string temp4 = vector_venue.at(j);
        int i = j - 1;
        while (i > -1 and vector_venue.at(i) > temp4) {
            vector_venue.at(i + 1) = vector_venue.at(i);
            i = i - 1;
        }
        vector_venue.at(i + 1) = temp4;
    }
    for (int j = 0; j <= vector_presentation.size() - 1; j++) {
        string temp5 = vector_presentation.at(j);
        int i = j - 1;
        while (i > -1 and vector_presentation.at(i) > temp5) {
            vector_presentation.at(i + 1) = vector_presentation.at(i);
            i = i - 1;
        }
        vector_presentation.at(i + 1) = temp5;
    }

    // cout << "in sort" << endl;
}

void print() {

    for (int i = 0; i < vector_authors.size(); i++) {
        cout << vector_authors.at(i) << "\t" << vector_titles.at(i) << "\t"
             << "\t" << vector_venue.at(i) << "\t" << vector_year.at(i) << "\t" << vector_presentation.at(i) << endl;
    }
    cout << "\n" << endl;
}

void ExecuteCommands(const char *fname) {
    ifstream inf;
    inf.open(fname);

    string line;
    while (getline(inf, line).good()) {
        vector<string> tokens;
        Tokenize(line, tokens, "\t ");
        if (tokens.size() == 0)
            continue;

        if (tokens[0].compare("save_application") == 0)
            SaveApplication(tokens);

        else if (tokens[0].compare("remove_application") == 0)
            remove_application(atoi(tokens[1].c_str()));

        else if (tokens[0].compare("sort") == 0)
            sort();

        else if (tokens[0].compare("print") == 0)
            print();
    }

    inf.close();
}

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    if (argc != 2) {
        cout << "usage: executable.o command.txt\n";
        return 1;
    }

    ExecuteCommands(argv[1]);
    return 0;
}

所以，这是我在学校做的实验室的代码。我们应该将某些元素放入一个 vector 中，打印这些 vector ，对它们进行排序，再次打印它们，删除一个 vector ，最后一次打印它们。对于我们的排序，我们需要根据出版年份对其进行排序。

"authors_list1" "title1" "conference1"  2016    "poster"
"authors_list3" "title3" "conference2"  2010    "oral"
"authors_list2" "title2" "journal1" 2015    "none"

所以，当我排序时，我得到了这个:

"authors_list1" "title1" "conference1"  2010    "none"
"authors_list2" "title2" "conference2"  2015    "oral"
"authors_list3" "title3" "journal1" 2016    "poster"

这是预期的输出:

"authors_list3" "title3"    "conference2"   2010    "oral"
"authors_list2" "title2"    "journal1"  2015    "none"
"authors_list1" "title1"    "conference1"   2016    "poster"

年份的顺序是正确的，但其他一切的顺序都不对。我需要我的其他元素随着岁月的流逝而变化。有什么办法吗？

附言对于本实验，我们不允许使用类或结构。这是我所有的代码。

Answer 1

你可以伪造一个不笨拙的数据结构

vector<vector<string> > database;

在哪里vector<string>是单条记录。为了使其“易于管理”，我会使用一些别名、访问器函数和这个枚举:

enum { AUTHOR, TITLE, VENUE, YEAR, PRESENTATION };

代码变得更短了:

Live On Coliru

#include <algorithm>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cassert>
using namespace std;

const int max_applications_num = 1000;

enum { AUTHOR, TITLE, VENUE, YEAR, PRESENTATION };

vector<vector<string> > database;

void Tokenize(string line, vector<string> &tokens, string delimiters = "\t ") {
    string token = "";
    string OneCharString = " ";
    for (size_t i = 0; i < line.size(); i++)
        if (find(delimiters.begin(), delimiters.end(), line[i]) !=
            delimiters.end()) // line[i] is one of the delimiter characters
        {
            if (token != "")
                tokens.push_back(token);
            token = "";
        } else {
            OneCharString[0] = line[i];
            token += OneCharString;
        }

    if (token != "")
        tokens.push_back(token);
}

void SaveApplication(const vector<string> &tokens) {
    database.emplace_back(tokens.begin()+1, tokens.end());
}

void remove_application(size_t pos) {
    assert(pos < database.size());
    database.erase(database.begin()+pos);
}

int year_of(vector<string> const &record) { return stoi(record[YEAR]); }
int year_of(int i) { return year_of(database.at(i)); }

void sort() {
    for (size_t j = 0; j <= database.size() - 1; j++) {

        vector<string> tmp = database.at(j);

        int tmp_year = year_of(tmp);

        int i = j - 1;
        while (i > -1 and year_of(i) > tmp_year) {
            database.at(i + 1) = database.at(i);
            i = i - 1;
        }

        database.at(i + 1) = tmp;
    }
}

void print() {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < database.size(); i++) {
        cout 
            << database.at(i)[AUTHOR] << "\t"
            << database.at(i)[TITLE]  << "\t"
            << database.at(i)[VENUE]  << "\t"
            << database.at(i)[YEAR]   << "\t"
            << database.at(i)[PRESENTATION] 
            << endl;
    }
    cout << "\n" << endl;
}

void ExecuteCommands(const char *fname) {
    ifstream inf;
    inf.open(fname);

    string line;
    while (getline(inf, line).good()) {
        vector<string> tokens;
        Tokenize(line, tokens, "\t ");
        if (tokens.size() == 0)
            continue;

        if (tokens[0].compare("save_application") == 0)
            SaveApplication(tokens);

        else if (tokens[0].compare("remove_application") == 0)
            remove_application(atoi(tokens[1].c_str()));

        else if (tokens[0].compare("sort") == 0)
            sort();

        else if (tokens[0].compare("print") == 0)
            print();
    }

    inf.close();
}

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    if (argc != 2) {
        cout << "usage: executable.o command.txt\n";
        return 1;
    }

    ExecuteCommands(argv[1]);
}

对于输入

save_application "authors_list1"    "title1" "conference1"  2016    "poster"
save_application "authors_list3"    "title3" "conference2"  2010    "oral"
save_application "authors_list2"    "title2" "journal1" 2015    "none"
print
sort
print
remove_application 0
print

打印

"authors_list1" "title1"    "conference1"   2016    "poster"
"authors_list3" "title3"    "conference2"   2010    "oral"
"authors_list2" "title2"    "journal1"  2015    "none"


"authors_list3" "title3"    "conference2"   2010    "oral"
"authors_list2" "title2"    "journal1"  2015    "none"
"authors_list1" "title1"    "conference1"   2016    "poster"


"authors_list2" "title2"    "journal1"  2015    "none"
"authors_list1" "title1"    "conference1"   2016    "poster"