linux - 在 NanoPi Neo 开发板上定制 Linux

Question

我是为嵌入式板构建自定义 Linux 操作系统的新手 - 所以请忽略我的无知。

我有一个名为 NanoPi NEO 的开发板，它具有定制的 Debian Linux。现在开发板附带一个 .img 文件，可以将其闪存到 SD 卡上并插入插槽，然后开发板从卡上启动。

现在我正在尝试构建自己的自定义 linux 并闪存到 SD 卡。我浏览了论坛和手册并设法做到了这一点。

问题

我知道自定义 linux 构建包含三个组件

• boot0 - 加载 BootLoader 的东西
• U-Boot - 众多引导加载程序之一。 (该项目使用此)。
• Rootfs - 文件系统和其他一切。

电路板制造商的网站提供了构建自定义操作系统的 these 说明。我按照这些说明做了所有事情，包括正确分区 SD 卡(前面有可用空间用于 boot0，带有 uImage 和 Script.bin 的引导分区，以及用于 rootfs 的分区)

问题是开发板会在启动时加载内核，但不会挂载文件系统并显示用户提示。

这是 Dmesg 输出。

    HELLO! BOOT0 is starting!
boot0 version : 4.0.0
boot0 commit : 9d0a4ce0ba7756bc0de2e0efe7ec15900a4aa947

fel_flag = 0x00000000
rtc[0] value = 0x00000000
rtc[1] value = 0x00000000
rtc[2] value = 0x00000000
rtc[3] value = 0x00000000
rtc[4] value = 0x00000000
rtc[5] value = 0x00000000
rtc[6] value = 0x00000000
rtc[7] value = 0x00000000
DRAM DRIVE INFO: V1.3
the chip id is 0x00000081
the chip id is 0x00000081
the chip id is 0x00000081
the chip id is 0x00000081
the chip id is 0x00000081
READ DQS LCDL = 00242524
DRAM Type = 3 (2:DDR2,3:DDR3,6:LPDDR2,7:LPDDR3)
DRAM CLK = 576 MHz
DRAM zq value: 003b3bfb
DRAM dram para1: 10e20100
DRAM dram para2: 00000001
DRAM workmode1: 000009f4
DRAM SIZE =256 M
odt delay 
dram size =256
card boot number = 0
card no is 0
sdcard 0 line count 4
[mmc]: mmc driver ver 2015-04-13 16:07:39
[mmc]: ***Try SD card 0***
[mmc]: SD/MMC Card: 4bit, capacity: 3812MB
[mmc]: vendor: Man 00845446 Snr 0000200b
[mmc]: product: SD[mmc]: revision: 0.0
[mmc]: ***SD/MMC 0 init OK!!!***
sdcard 0 init ok
The size of uboot is 000e4000.
sum=5b02f845
src_sum=5b02f845
Succeed in loading uboot from sdmmc flash.
Ready to disable icache.
Jump to secend Boot.
SUNXI_NORMAL_MODE   
[      0.380]e mode

U-Boot 2011.09-rc1-00000-g9d0a4ce-dirty (Aug 18 2016 - 15:53:02) Allwinner Technology 

[      0.390]version: 1.1.0
[      0.392]uboot commit : 9d0a4ce0ba7756bc0de2e0efe7ec15900a4aa947

normal mode
[      0.403]pmbus:   ready
not set main pmu id
axp_probe error
gpio value=0x20000
[      0.441]PMU: pll1 1008 Mhz,PLL6=600 Mhz
AXI=336 Mhz,AHB=200 Mhz, APB1=100 Mhz 
sid read already 
fel key new mode
run key detect
no key found
no key input
dram_para_set start
dram_para_set end
normal mode
[      0.472]DRAM:  256 MiB
relocation Offset is: 05af2000
[box standby] read rtc = 0x0
[box_start_os] mag be start_type no use
user_gpio config
user_gpio ok
gic: normal or no secure os mode
workmode = 0
MMC:     0
[      0.552][mmc]: mmc driver ver 2015-04-13 14:50:00
[      0.557][mmc]: get sdc_phy_wipe fail.
[      0.561][mmc]: get sdc0 sdc_erase fail.
[      0.565][mmc]: get sdc_f_max fail,use default 50000000Hz
[      0.570][mmc]: get sdc_ex_dly_used fail,use default dly
[      0.576][mmc]: SUNXI SD/MMC: 0
[      0.589][mmc]: *Try SD card 0*
[      0.622][mmc]: CID 0x84544653 0x44000000 0x20 0xb01014f
[      0.627][mmc]: mmc clk 50000000
[      0.630][mmc]: SD/MMC Card: 4bit, capacity: 3812MB
[      0.635][mmc]: boot0 capacity: 0KB,boot1 capacity: 0KB
[      0.640][mmc]: ***SD/MMC 0 init OK!!!***
[      0.645][mmc]: erase_grp_size:0x1WrBlk * 0x200 = 0x200 Byte
[      0.651][mmc]: secure_feature 0x0
[      0.654][mmc]: secure_removal_type  0x0
[      0.658]sunxi flash init ok
script config pll_de to 864 Mhz
Not Found clk pll_video1 in script 
script config pll_video to 297 Mhz
script config pll_periph0 to 600 Mhz
unable to find regulator vcc-hdmi-18 from [pmu1_regu] or [pmu2_regu] 
enable power vcc-hdmi-18, ret=-1
DRV_DISP_Init end
[disk_read_fs] no the partition
error: open tv_vdid.fex, maybe it is not exist
[disk_read_fs] no the partition
error: open disp_rsl.fex, maybe it is not exist
[disk_read_fs] no the partition
error: open disp_rsl.fex, maybe it is not exist
boot_disp.auto_hpd=1
auto hpd check has 100 times!
auto check no any connected, the output_type is 4
[      2.032]finally, output_type=0x4, output_mode=0x4, screen_id=0x0, disp_para=0x0
try to read logic blk 0 without env partition
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment

In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
--------fastboot partitions--------
mbr not exist
base bootcmd=run setargs_mmc boot_normal
bootcmd set setargs_mmc
key 0
cant find rcvy value
cant find fstbt value
no misc partition is found
to be run cmd=run setargs_mmc boot_normal
[      2.080][mmc]: MMC Device 2 not found
[      2.084][mmc]: Can not find mmc dev
[      2.087][mmc]: read first backup failed in fun sdmmc_secure_storage_read line 1854
sunxi_secstorage_read fail
get secure storage map err
check user data form private
the private part isn't exist
WORK_MODE_BOOT
adver not need show
sunxi_bmp_logo_display
[disk_read_fs] no the partition
error: open bootlogo.bmp, maybe it is not exist
sunxi bmp info error : unable to open logo file bootlogo.bmp
[      2.123]Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0 
[      4.300][mmc]: blkcnt should not be 0
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 40007800 ...
   Image Name:   Linux-3.4.39-h3
   Image Type:   ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
   Data Size:    4522784 Bytes = 4.3 MiB
   Load Address: 40008000
   Entry Point:  40008000
   Verifying Checksum ... OK
   Loading Kernel Image ... OK
OK
[      4.603][mmc]: MMC Device 2 not found
[      4.607][mmc]:  mmc  not find,so not exit
[      4.611]
Starting kernel ...

[sun8i_fixup]: From boot, get meminfo:
    Start:  0x40000000
    Size:   256MB
ion_carveout reserve: 160m@0 256m@0 130m@1 200m@1
ion_reserve_select: ion chipid  [0x2c00081!
ion_reserve_common: ion reserve: [0x46000000, 0x50000000]!
[    0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0
[    0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
[    0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
[    0.000000] Linux version 3.4.39-h3 (azmath@azPC) (gcc version 4.6.3 20120201 (prerelease) (crosstool-NG linaro-1.13.1-2012.02-20120222 - Linaro GCC 2012.02) ) #1 SMP PREEMPT Thu Aug 18 15:52:21 IST 2016
[    0.000000] cma: CMA: reserved 160 MiB at 46000000
[    0.000000] PERCPU: Embedded 8 pages/cpu @c0c91000 s11840 r8192 d12736 u32768
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,115200 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait init=/sbin/init
[    0.000000] PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[    0.000000] allocated 524288 bytes of page_cgroup
[    0.000000] please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups
[    0.000000] Memory: 256MB = 256MB total
[    0.000000] Memory: 84012k/84012k available, 178132k reserved, 0K highmem
[    0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:
[    0.000000]     vector  : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000   (   4 kB)
[    0.000000]     fixmap  : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000   ( 896 kB)
[    0.000000]     vmalloc : 0xd0800000 - 0xff000000   ( 744 MB)
[    0.000000]     lowmem  : 0xc0000000 - 0xd0000000   ( 256 MB)
[    0.000000]     pkmap   : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000   (   2 MB)
[    0.000000]     modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000   (  14 MB)
[    0.000000]       .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc089dfd4   (8792 kB)
[    0.000000]       .init : 0xc089e000 - 0xc08eee40   ( 324 kB)
[    0.000000]       .data : 0xc08f0000 - 0xc096a878   ( 491 kB)
[    0.000000]        .bss : 0xc096b02c - 0xc0a3fc88   ( 852 kB)
[    0.000000] Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.000000]  Additional per-CPU info printed with stalls.
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS:544
[    0.000000] Architected local timer running at 24.00MHz.
[    0.000000] Switching to timer-based delay loop
[    0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 178956ms
[    0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30
[    0.000000] console [tty0] enabled
[    0.001029] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 4800.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=24000000)
[    0.001097] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.001458] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
[    0.002521] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct
[    0.002561] Initializing cgroup subsys memory
[    0.002631] Initializing cgroup subsys devices
[    0.002663] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer
[    0.002692] Initializing cgroup subsys blkio
[    0.002736] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event
[    0.002813] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
[    0.002890] ftrace: allocating 24150 entries in 71 pages
[    0.030315] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 0, mpidr 80000000
[    0.030365] [sunxi_smp_prepare_cpus] enter
[    0.030417] Setting up static identity map for 0x4061f8e0 - 0x4061f938
[    0.031457] CPU1: thread -1, cpu 1, socket 0, mpidr 80000001
[    0.031592] CPU2: thread -1, cpu 2, socket 0, mpidr 80000002
[    0.031592] CPU3: thread -1, cpu 3, socket 0, mpidr 80000003
[    0.040210] Brought up 4 CPUs
[    0.040292] SMP: Total of 4 processors activated (19200.00 BogoMIPS).
[    0.041034] devtmpfs: initialized
[    0.043817] wakeup src cnt is : 2. 
[    0.043914] sunxi pm init
[    0.044064] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[    0.054192] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    0.054986] DMA: preallocated 2048 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations
[    0.054986] script_sysfs_init success
[    0.054986] gpiochip_add: registered GPIOs 0 to 383 on device: sunxi-pinctrl
[    0.054986] sunxi-pinctrl sunxi-pinctrl: initialized sunXi PIO driver
[    0.054986] hw-breakpoint: found 5 (+1 reserved) breakpoint and 4 watchpoint registers.
[    0.054986] hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 8 bytes.
[    0.055148] script config pll_video to 297 Mhz
[    0.055180] script config pll_de to 864 Mhz
[    0.055205] script config pll_ve to 402 Mhz
[    0.061950] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
[    0.061950] [ARISC] :sunxi-arisc driver v1.04
[    0.076943] [ARISC] :arisc version: [v0.1.58]
[    0.163654] [ARISC] :sunxi-arisc driver v1.04 startup succeeded
[    0.163781] pwm module init!
[    0.171646] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    0.171646] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    0.171646] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    0.171646] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    0.171646] twi_chan_cfg()340 - [twi0] has no twi_regulator.
[    0.171646] twi_chan_cfg()340 - [twi1] has no twi_regulator.
[    0.171646] twi_chan_cfg()340 - [twi2] has no twi_regulator.
[    0.171646] Linux video capture interface: v2.00
[    0.171718] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.25.
[    0.172304] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.16
[    0.172369] NET: Registered protocol family 31
[    0.172393] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[    0.172422] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[    0.172445] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[    0.172479] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[    0.172586] Switching to clocksource arch_sys_counter
[    0.183438] FS-Cache: Loaded
[    0.183767] CacheFiles: Loaded
[    0.195670] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    0.195984] IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[    0.196546] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[    0.196714] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 98304 bytes)
[    0.196858] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[    0.196886] TCP: reno registered
[    0.196908] UDP hash table entries: 128 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.196953] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 128 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.197265] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    0.197667] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[    0.197701] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[    0.197722] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[    0.197743] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[    0.198224] hw perfevents: enabled with ARMv7 Cortex_A7 PMU driver, 5 counters available
[    0.198362] sunxi_reg_init enter
[    0.199096] audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled)
[    0.199161] type=2000 audit(0.190:1): initialized
[    0.201581] NTFS driver 2.1.30 [Flags: R/W].
[    0.201895] fuse init (API version 7.18)
[    0.202256] msgmni has been set to 484
[    0.203709] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 251)
[    0.203759] io scheduler noop registered
[    0.203779] io scheduler deadline registered
[    0.203851] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[    0.204325] [DISP]disp_module_init
[    0.204656] cmdline,init_disp=
[    0.204696] cmdline,disp=
[    0.214840] [DISP] Fb_map_kernel_logo,line:926:Fb_map_kernel_logo failed!
[    0.230039] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 160x45
[    0.246402] [DISP]disp_module_init finish
[    0.246750] sw_uart_get_devinfo()1503 - uart0 has no uart_regulator.
[    0.246930] sw_uart_get_devinfo()1503 - uart1 has no uart_regulator.
[    0.247103] sw_uart_get_devinfo()1503 - uart2 has no uart_regulator.
[    0.247276] sw_uart_get_devinfo()1503 - uart3 has no uart_regulator.
[    0.248031] uart0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x1c28000 (irq = 32) is a SUNXI
[    0.248209] sw_uart_pm()890 - uart0 clk is already enable
[    0.248364] sw_console_setup()1233 - console setup baud 115200 parity n bits 8, flow n
[    0.360189] console [ttyS0] enabled
[    0.530429] uart1: ttyS1 at MMIO 0x1c28400 (irq = 33) is a SUNXI
[    0.530691] uart2: ttyS2 at MMIO 0x1c28800 (irq = 34) is a SUNXI
[    0.530955] uart3: ttyS3 at MMIO 0x1c28c00 (irq = 35) is a SUNXI
[    0.531802] [drm] Initialized drm 1.1.0 20060810
[    0.535869] loop: module loaded
[    0.659319] sunxi_spi_chan_cfg()1383 - [spi-0] has no spi_regulator.
[    0.840684] sunxi_spi_chan_cfg()1383 - [spi-1] has no spi_regulator.
[    0.965661] spi spi0: master is unqueued, this is deprecated
[    1.150380] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6
[    1.150388] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
[    1.151363] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
[    1.151552] PPP BSD Compression module registered
[    1.151560] PPP Deflate Compression module registered
[    1.152440] PPP MPPE Compression module registered
[    1.152451] NET: Registered protocol family 24
[    1.152493] PPTP driver version 0.8.5
[    1.152743] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    1.172877] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.1: SW USB2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    1.172912] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[    1.296094] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.1: irq 104, io mem 0xf1c1a000
[    1.480038] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.1: USB 0.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    1.632720] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.685669] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.714667] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.2: SW USB2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    1.727974] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[    1.741191] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.2: irq 106, io mem 0xf1c1b000
[    1.770036] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.2: USB 0.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    1.781512] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.789904] hub 2-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.818952] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.3: SW USB2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    1.832323] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.3: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3
[    1.845590] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.3: irq 108, io mem 0xf1c1c000
[    1.870043] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.3: USB 0.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    1.881664] hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.890302] hub 3-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.919344] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.4: SW USB2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    1.932740] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.4: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4
[    1.945967] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.4: irq 110, io mem 0xf1c1d000
[    1.970042] sunxi-ehci sunxi-ehci.4: USB 0.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    1.981680] hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.990489] hub 4-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.999718] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[    2.031228] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.1: SW USB2.0 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[    2.044385] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 5
[    2.057397] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.1: irq 105, io mem 0xf1c1a400
[    2.124576] hub 5-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    2.133311] hub 5-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    2.162621] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.2: SW USB2.0 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[    2.175860] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 6
[    2.189035] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.2: irq 107, io mem 0xf1c1b400
[    2.264561] hub 6-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    2.273445] hub 6-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    2.302798] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.3: SW USB2.0 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[    2.316105] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.3: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 7
[    2.329298] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.3: irq 109, io mem 0xf1c1c400
[    2.404584] hub 7-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    2.413449] hub 7-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    2.442827] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.4: SW USB2.0 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[    2.456174] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.4: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 8
[    2.469459] sunxi-ohci sunxi-ohci.4: irq 111, io mem 0xf1c1d400
[    2.544586] hub 8-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    2.553518] hub 8-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    2.562915] Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
[    2.573211] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[    2.584572] USB Mass Storage support registered.
[    2.594457] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-alauda
[    2.605819] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-cypress
[    2.617280] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-datafab
[    2.628608] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums_eneub6250
[    2.640060] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-freecom
[    2.651238] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-isd200
[    2.662342] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-jumpshot
[    2.673509] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-karma
[    2.684357] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-onetouch
[    2.695402] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-realtek
[    2.706252] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-sddr09
[    2.716948] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-sddr55
[    2.727582] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-usbat
[    2.738113] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial
[    2.748503] usbserial: USB Serial Driver core
[    2.757202] usbcore: registered new interface driver option
[    2.767257] USB Serial support registered for GSM modem (1-port)
[    2.778459] file system registered
[    2.787739] android_usb gadget: Mass Storage Function, version: 2009/09/11
[    2.799369] android_usb gadget: Number of LUNs=3
[    2.808438]  lun0: LUN: removable file: (no medium)
[    2.817768]  lun1: LUN: removable file: (no medium)
[    2.826963]  lun2: LUN: removable file: (no medium)
[    2.836406] android_usb gadget: android_usb ready
[    2.846187] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[    2.857107] ls_fetch_sysconfig_para: ls_unused. 
[    2.866277] [RTC] WARNING: Rtc time will be wrong!!
[    2.875373] [RTC] WARNING: use *internal OSC* as clock source
[    2.885690] sunxi-rtc sunxi-rtc: rtc core: registered sunxi-rtc as rtc0
[    2.896812] i2c /dev entries driver
[    2.904919] IR RC5(x) protocol handler initialized
[    2.914167] tscdev_init: tsc driver is disabled
[    2.923307] Driver for 1-wire Dallas network protocol.
[    2.932808] sunxi_wdt_init_module: sunxi WatchDog Timer Driver v1.0
[    2.943662] sunxi_wdt_probe: devm_ioremap return wdt_reg 0xf1c20ca0, res->start 0x01c20ca0, res->end 0x01c20cbf
[    2.955143] sunxi_wdt_probe: initialized (g_timeout=16s, g_nowayout=0)
[    2.970118] wdt_enable, write reg 0xf1c20cb8 val 0x00000000
[    2.980326] timeout_to_interv, line 167
[    2.988404] interv_to_timeout, line 189
[    2.996449] wdt_set_tmout, write 0x000000b0 to mode reg 0xf1c20cb8, actual timeout 16 sec
[    3.009669] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3
[    3.019024] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.22.0-ioctl (2011-10-19) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
[    3.032580] Bluetooth: HCI UART driver ver 2.2
[    3.041598] Bluetooth: HCI H4 protocol initialized
[    3.050941] Bluetooth: HCI BCSP protocol initialized
[    3.060436] Bluetooth: HCILL protocol initialized
[    3.069638] Bluetooth: HCIATH3K protocol initialized
[    3.079317] Bluetooth: MSM Sleep Mode Driver Ver 1.2
[    3.088976] Bluetooth: init no bt used in configuration
[    3.088982] 
[    3.104775] [cpu_freq] ERR:get cpu extremity frequency from sysconfig failed, use max_freq
[    3.120910] no red_led, ignore it!
[    3.131197] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[    3.141947] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[    3.152119] script_get_item audio_pa_ctrl not found
[    3.167806] asoc: sndcodec <-> sunxi-codec mapping ok
[    3.183410] asoc: sndhdmi <-> sunxi-hdmiaudio.0 mapping ok
[    3.195521] oprofile: using arm/armv7-ca7
[    3.205005] u32 classifier
[    3.212837]     Actions configured
[    3.220990] Netfilter messages via NETLINK v0.30.
[    3.230635] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (3872 buckets, 15488 max)
[    3.242335] ctnetlink v0.93: registering with nfnetlink.
[    3.252669] NF_TPROXY: Transparent proxy support initialized, version 4.1.0
[    3.264844] NF_TPROXY: Copyright (c) 2006-2007 BalaBit IT Ltd.
[    3.275528] mmc0: new SDHC card at address 0001
[    3.275741] xt_time: kernel timezone is -0000
[    3.275908] IPv4 over IPv4 tunneling driver
[    3.276373] gre: GRE over IPv4 demultiplexor driver
[    3.276382] ip_gre: GRE over IPv4 tunneling driver
[    3.277016] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[    3.277210] arp_tables: (C) 2002 David S. Miller
[    3.277287] TCP: cubic registered
[    3.277294] Initializing XFRM netlink socket
[    3.357187] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[    3.366318] mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 SD 3.72 GiB 
[    3.375839] Mobile IPv6
[    3.382646] ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[    3.382684]  mmcblk0: p1 p2
[    3.383449] *******************sd init ok*******************
[    3.409962] IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling driver
[    3.419556] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[    3.428376] NET: Registered protocol family 15
[    3.437283] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized
[    3.446478] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized
[    3.455844] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11
[    3.463574] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[    3.473004] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[    3.482329] Bluetooth: HIDP (Human Interface Emulation) ver 1.2
[    3.492549] L2TP core driver, V2.0
[    3.499872] PPPoL2TP kernel driver, V2.0
[    3.507783] L2TP IP encapsulation support (L2TPv3)
[    3.516771] L2TP netlink interface
[    3.524201] L2TP ethernet pseudowire support (L2TPv3)
[    3.533588] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 2 part 30 variant 7 rev 5
[    3.545743] ThumbEE CPU extension supported.
[    3.554047] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler
[    3.563802] cmdline,disp=
[    3.601355] sunxi-rtc sunxi-rtc: setting system clock to 1970-01-01 00:00:08 UTC (8)
[    3.613650] ths_fetch_sysconfig_para: type err  device_used = 1. 
[    3.625339] CPU Budget:Register notifier
[    3.633378] CPU Budget:register Success
[    3.641218] sunxi-budget-cooling sunxi-budget-cooling: Cooling device registered: thermal-budget-0
[    3.657864] ALSA device list:
[    3.664997]   #0: audiocodec
[    3.671931]   #1: sndhdmi
[    3.701347] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[    3.714240] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) on device 179:2.
[    3.725065] Freeing init memory: 320K
[    4.210107] [DISP] disp_device_attached_and_enable,line:159:attched ok, mgr0<-->device0, type=4, mode=5

我已经与他们提供的图像的 Dmesg 进行了比较，它是相同的(没有额外的错误)。唯一的区别是它不会在最后一条消息和上面的消息处停止，而是继续显示更多这样的消息

    [    3.740859] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) on device 179:2.
[    3.751773] Freeing init memory: 320K
[    3.994008] systemd[1]: Failed to insert module 'kdbus': Function not implemented
[    4.480527] systemd[1]: systemd 225 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ -LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID -ELFUTILS +KMOD -IDN)
[    4.522559] systemd[1]: Detected architecture arm.
[    4.556652] systemd[1]: Set hostname to <FriendlyARM>.
[    4.813095] systemd[1]: display-manager.service: Cannot add dependency job, ignoring: Unit display-manager.service failed to load: No such file or directory.
[    4.835364] systemd[1]: Reached target Swap.
[    4.849758] systemd[1]: Reached target Encrypted Volumes.
[    4.865289] systemd[1]: Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
[    4.883786] systemd[1]: Reached target Remote File Systems (Pre).
[    4.900430] systemd[1]: Created slice Root Slice.
[    4.915916] systemd[1]: Created slice System Slice.
[    4.931753] systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice.
[    4.948846] systemd[1]: Created slice system-getty.slice.
[    4.965667] systemd[1]: Created slice system-serial\x2dgetty.slice.
[    4.983471] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Control Socket.
[    5.000354] systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
[    5.019741] systemd[1]: Reached target Paths.
[    5.035599] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket.
[    5.200617] systemd[1]: Mounting Debug File System...
[    5.290705] systemd[1]: Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems...
[    5.390688] systemd[1]: Starting Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel...
[    5.415235] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Audit Socket.
[    5.434841] systemd[1]: Reached target Slices.
[    5.453278] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket.
[    5.580939] systemd[1]: Starting udev Coldplug all Devices...
[    5.608874] systemd[1]: Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
[    5.770898] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Modules...
[    5.789989] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log).
[    5.890778] systemd[1]: Starting Journal Service...
[    6.027527] systemd[1]: Mounted Debug File System.
[    6.160197] systemd[1]: Started Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.
[    6.330140] systemd[1]: Started Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel.
[    6.750244] systemd[1]: Started Load Kernel Modules.
[    6.920156] systemd[1]: Started udev Coldplug all Devices.
[    6.942933] systemd[1]: Started Journal Service.

所以我猜问题出在 rootfs 没有被正确检测和安装。请指导我。

Answer 1

我很确定问题是 linux 没有激活 uart 上的控制台。

查看内核日志:

[0.000000] 内核命令行:console=ttyS0,115200 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait init=/sbin/init

如 http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Remote-Serial-Console-HOWTO/configure-kernel.html 中所述:

When multiple consoles are listed output is sent to all consoles and input is taken from the last listed console. The last console is the one Linux uses as the /dev/console device.

因此尝试通过调整 bootargs u-boot 环境变量使 console=ttyS0,115200 成为最后(或唯一)console 选项.

要检查此建议，只需“按任意键停止自动启动”，然后使用 printenv 检查默认 bootargs 内容，运行 setenv bootargs ... ... ... 最后，运行 bootd。但是，请务必检查 bootcmd 及其调用的内容，因为其中一个可能会在 bootcmd 执行期间调用 setenv bootargs 并覆盖您的手册选项。

附言init=/sbin/init 可以省略。