c++ - 如何在文本文件中存储信息(字符串)，然后甚至在C++中读取信息

Question

基本上，我想在程序中添加有关客户的信息。我想在文本文件中存储一个信息（名称，数字和字符串-最多50个字符的注释）并关闭程序。然后，如果我打开程序并想要搜索添加的名称，显示我存储的所有信息。

这是我现在无法工作的地方，如果有人可以帮助我，我将不胜感激。 （这是一个原型）

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <windows.h>

int add();
int log();
using namespace std;
struct customer {
    string name;
    string dis;


}stud;


int main() {
    int a;
    do {
        cout << "1.Add customer"<<endl;
        cout << "2.Search customer"<<endl;
        cin >> a;
    } while (a < 1 || a>2);
    switch (a)
    {
    case 1: add();
        break;

    case 2: log();
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}
int log() {
    fstream fp;
    cout << "Search name" << endl;
    cin.ignore(1, '\n');
    getline(cin, stud.name);



    fp.open(stud.name, ios::in, ios::binary);
    fp.read((char*)&stud, sizeof(stud));

    fp.open(stud.dis, ios::in, ios::binary);
    fp.read((char*)&stud, sizeof(stud));

    cout << endl << stud.name << endl << stud.dis << endl;

    fp.close();
    cout << endl << stud.name << endl << stud.dis << endl;
    main();
    return 0 ;
}

int add(){
    fstream fp;
    cin.ignore(1, '\n');
    cout << "Add name" << endl;
    getline(cin, stud.name);
    cout << "Add a comment" << endl;
    getline(cin, stud.dis);

    fp.open(stud.name, ios::out, ios::binary);
    fp.write((char*)&stud, sizeof(stud));

    fp.open(stud.dis, ios::out, ios::binary);
    fp.write((char*)&stud, sizeof(stud));

    fp.close();
    main();
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

请注意，我没有使用结构，但是如果需要，应该向该结构添加方法以获取信息。

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm> /// std::copy
#include <iterator> ///std::ostream_iterator<T>

void new_user(const std::string &New_User_Name, const std::string &New_User_Surname, const int &New_User_Age);
template <typename T>
void Display_Vector(const std::vector<T> &Vector_To_Display);
void DisplayInformation(const std::string &Path);

int main()
{
    /// name information
    std::cout << "Enter the name: ";
    std::string New_User_Name;
    std::getline(std::cin, New_User_Name);
    /// surname information
    std::cout << "Enter the surname: ";
    std::string New_User_Surname;
    std::getline(std::cin, New_User_Surname);
    /// age information
    int New_User_Age = 0;
    std::cout << "Enter the age: ";
    std::cin >> New_User_Age; /// You should make some checks

    new_user(New_User_Name, New_User_Surname, New_User_Age);
    DisplayInformation(New_User_Name + "_" + New_User_Surname + ".txt");
    return 0;
}

void new_user(const std::string &New_User_Name, const std::string &New_User_Surname, const int &New_User_Age)
{
    /// Writing information about the user into the file
    std::ofstream New_User_File;
    New_User_File.open(New_User_Name + "_" + New_User_Surname + ".txt", std::ios::app);

    New_User_File << "Name: " << "\t\t\t" << New_User_Name << std::endl;
    New_User_File << "Surname: " << "\t\t" << New_User_Surname << std::endl;
    New_User_File << "Age: " << "\t\t\t" << New_User_Age << std::endl;

    New_User_File.close();
}

template <typename T>
void Display_Vector(const std::vector<T> &Vector_To_Display)
{
    std::copy(Vector_To_Display.begin(), Vector_To_Display.end(), std::ostream_iterator<T>(std::cout, "\n"));
}

void DisplayInformation(const std::string &Path)
{
    std::vector<std::string> User_Information_To_Display; /// the vector is going to be used only for storing the information of the user
    std::string Information_Of_User;


    std::ifstream User_Information;
    User_Information.open(Path);

    if(!(User_Information.is_open()))
    {
        return; /// you can make other stuff in here
    }
    else
    {
        while(! User_Information.eof()) /// while we are not at the end of the file
        {
            std::getline(User_Information, Information_Of_User);
            User_Information_To_Display.push_back(Information_Of_User);
        }

        Display_Vector(User_Information_To_Display);
    }

    User_Information_To_Display.clear();
    User_Information.close();
}