python - 当我尝试列出 FTP 服务器时得到 "ConnectionRefusedError"

Question

我有一个连接到 FTP 服务器的简单脚本:

from ftplib import FTP

# Here is fine
ftp = FTP(host='')
ftp.login(user='', passwd='')
ftp.cwd('/test/')

# Here I got the error
ftp.nlst()

连接很好，每次我尝试使用命令列出 FTP 目录时都会发生错误，例如 nlst、dir 甚至 < strong>retrlines('LIST'):

230 Login successful.
250 Directory successfully changed.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "scripts/test.py", line 6, in <module>
    print(a.nlst())
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 558, in nlst
    self.retrlines(cmd, files.append)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 467, in retrlines
    with self.transfercmd(cmd) as conn, \
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 398, in transfercmd
    return self.ntransfercmd(cmd, rest)[0]
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 360, in ntransfercmd
    source_address=self.source_address)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/socket.py", line 712, in create_connection
    raise err
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/socket.py", line 703, in create_connection
    sock.connect(sa)
ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connection refused

我已经测试了与 FileZilla 的连接并且它工作正常，这个错误只是在我尝试使用 python 列出目录时发生。如果我尝试通过 python 检索文件或创建目录，它将起作用，只有出现问题的“列表”命令。

环境:我使用的是 debian 9 和 python3.5

我已经在我的机器上重新安装了两个 python(2 和 3)，但是没有用。另外，我在我拥有的 Linux Mint 中测试了相同的脚本，它运行良好。有人知道这可能是什么吗？谢谢。

[编辑]

这是我连接到同一个 FTP 服务器时的 FileZilla 日志( Debug模式):

Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 0
Status: Connecting to XX.XXX.XXX.XXX:21...
Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message...
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   220 (vsFTPd 3.0.3)
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 1
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 2
Command:    AUTH TLS
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   530 Please login with USER and PASS.
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 2
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 3
Command:    AUTH SSL
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   530 Please login with USER and PASS.
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 3
Status: Insecure server, it does not support FTP over TLS.
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 5
Command:    USER xxxxxx
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   331 Please specify the password.
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 5
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 5
Command:    PASS ************
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   230 Login successful.
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 5
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 6
Command:    SYST
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   215 UNIX Type: L8
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 6
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 7
Command:    FEAT
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   211-Features:
Response:    EPRT
Response:    EPSV
Response:    MDTM
Response:    PASV
Response:    REST STREAM
Response:    SIZE
Response:    TVFS
Response:   211 End
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 7
Status: Server does not support non-ASCII characters.
Status: Logged in
Trace:  Measured latency of 40 ms
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CFileZillaEnginePrivate::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Retrieving directory listing...
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 0
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 0
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 1
Command:    PWD
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   257 "/" is the current directory
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::ParseResponse() in state 1
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 1
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 2
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 1
Command:    TYPE I
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   200 Switching to Binary mode.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 1
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 2
Command:    PASV
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   227 Entering Passive Mode (0,0,0,0,195,59).
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 2
Status: Server sent passive reply with unroutable address. Using server address instead.
Trace:    Reply: 0.0.0.0, peer: XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 4
Trace:  Binding data connection source IP to control connection source IP XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Command:    LIST
Trace:  CTransferSocket::OnConnect
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   150 Here comes the directory listing.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 4
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 5
Trace:  CTransferSocket::OnReceive(), m_transferMode=0
Trace:  CTransferSocket::TransferEnd(1)
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::TransferEnd()
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   226 Directory send OK.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 7
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 3
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Directory listing of "/" successful
Trace:  CFileZillaEnginePrivate::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Retrieving directory listing of "/test"...
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 0
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 0
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 4
Command:    CWD files
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   250 Directory successfully changed.
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::ParseResponse() in state 4
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 5
Command:    PWD
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   257 "/test" is the current directory
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::ParseResponse() in state 5
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 1
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 2
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 2
Command:    PASV
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   227 Entering Passive Mode (0,0,0,0,167,55).
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 2
Status: Server sent passive reply with unroutable address. Using server address instead.
Trace:    Reply: 0.0.0.0, peer: XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 4
Trace:  Binding data connection source IP to control connection source IP XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Command:    LIST
Trace:  CTransferSocket::OnConnect
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   150 Here comes the directory listing.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 4
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 5
Trace:  CTransferSocket::OnClose(0)
Trace:  CTransferSocket::TransferEnd(1)
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::TransferEnd()
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   226 Directory send OK.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 7
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 3
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Directory listing of "/test" successful
Trace:  CFileZillaEnginePrivate::ResetOperation(0)

提醒一下，代码在另一台机器上运行良好，当我尝试在 FTP 中列出任何目录时，问题只发生在 Debian 中。

谢谢!

Answer 1

Command:    PASV  
Response:   227 Entering Passive Mode (0,0,0,0,195,59).  
Status: Server sent passive reply with unroutable address. Using server address instead.

您的 FTP 服务器配置错误。或者更确切地说，遭受 vsftpd returns 0,0,0,0 in response to PASV 中描述的 vsftpd 错误.

虽然 FileZilla 可以试探性地解决这个问题，但许多其他 FTP 客户端和库会(理所当然地)失败。

我无法想象您的代码如何在“其他机器” 上运行。除非他们和 FTP 服务器网络之间的防火墙/NAT 修复了 227 响应(不太可能)。 如果您想进一步调查(可能不值得)，我们需要您程序的 FTP session 的日志文件(例如，使用服务器端日志的 Wireshark)。