java - 为什么 JPA + TransactionManagementConfigurer 不起作用

Question

使用 Spring4 中的 JPA，我想定义一个 default TransactionManager，因此在我的 @Configuration 类中，我实现了接口(interface) TransactionManagementConfigurer 和重写方法 annotationDrivenTransactionManager——它返回 JPA-TX。但是当我启动我的应用程序时，我遇到了一个令人困惑的错误:

    2017-02-14 15:00:19.108 [localhost-startStop-1] ERROR org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader - Context initialization failed
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org.springframework.beans.FatalBeanException
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:553) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:368) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1127) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1022) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:510) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197) ~[spring-beans-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1054) ~[spring-context-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:829) ~[spring-context-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:538) ~[spring-context-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:444) ~[spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:326) [spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:107) [spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4937) [tomcat-embed-core-7.0.47.jar:7.0.47]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5434) [tomcat-embed-core-7.0.47.jar:7.0.47]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [tomcat-embed-core-7.0.47.jar:7.0.47]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559) [tomcat-embed-core-7.0.47.jar:7.0.47]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549) [tomcat-embed-core-7.0.47.jar:7.0.47]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) [?:1.8.0_45]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) [?:1.8.0_45]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) [?:1.8.0_45]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [?:1.8.0_45]

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org.springframework.beans.FatalBeanException 是什么意思。

这是配置类:

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = {"cn.madmind.config"})
@EnableTransactionManagement
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"cn.madmind.config"})
public class RootApplicationConfig implements TransactionManagementConfigurer {

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource datasource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        datasource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        datasource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/alioth");
        datasource.setUsername("root");
        datasource.setPassword("");
        return datasource;
    }

    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        JpaTransactionManager jpaTransactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        jpaTransactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory().getObject());
        return jpaTransactionManager;
    }

    @Bean
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory() {
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        HibernateJpaVendorAdapter adapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        adapter.setDatabasePlatform("org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect");
        factory.setJpaVendorAdapter(adapter);
        factory.setDataSource(dataSource());
        factory.setPackagesToScan("cn.madmind.config");
        return factory;
    }

    /**
     * set default transaction-manager
     */
    @Override
    public PlatformTransactionManager annotationDrivenTransactionManager() {
        return transactionManager();
    }
}

Answer 1

这可能是 Spring 框架本身的错误:https://jira.spring.io/browse/SPR-10787

不过，我目前在理论上已修复的框架版本(4.1.9.RELEASE 和 4.3.9.RELEASE)中也遇到了类似的问题，因此您的情况可能会有所不同。

编辑:我们的项目似乎在 @Imported @Configuration 周围有一些有问题的 Autowiring ，(一些虚假的静态 bean 工厂方法，和直接自动连接字段)，适用于旧版本的 Spring，但在尝试升级时崩溃了。

整理一下，稍微分离一下问题，确保我像文档建议的那样对配置文件进行构造函数注入(inject):http://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/context/annotation/Configuration.html帮我修好了。