java - SSLContext 的 Selenium NoClassDefFoundError

Question

我是 Selenium 测试的新手。在使用网站时，我收到一个错误: "main"java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/http/ssl/SSLContexts

你能帮我解决这个问题吗？

这是我的示例代码

public class TutorialsPointDownload {   
    public static void main(String[] args) {
            FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
        profile.setAcceptUntrustedCertificates(true);
        profile.setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer(false);
        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
        driver.get("https://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_testing_dictionary/acceptance_testing.htm");
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div/div[1]/aside/div[2]/div/ul[1]"));
        List<WebElement> we = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));
        System.out.println(we.size());
     }
}

控制台输出

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/http/ssl/SSLContexts
    at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:172)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.HttpClientFactory.getClientConnectionManager(HttpClientFactory.java:71)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.HttpClientFactory.<init>(HttpClientFactory.java:57)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.HttpClientFactory.<init>(HttpClientFactory.java:60)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient$Factory.getDefaultHttpClientFactory(ApacheHttpClient.java:252)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient$Factory.<init>(ApacheHttpClient.java:229)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.getDefaultClientFactory(HttpCommandExecutor.java:96)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.<init>(HttpCommandExecutor.java:70)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.<init>(HttpCommandExecutor.java:58)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:87)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:271)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:119)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:216)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:211)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:207)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:124)
    at TutorialsPointDownload.main(TutorialsPointDownload.java:57)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContexts
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    ... 17 more

已添加依赖项:

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.3</version>
    </dependency>

Answer 1

出现此问题的原因是 SSLContext 已被重新定位到 httpClient >= 4.4 中的另一个包。因此，我们需要将 httpCore 依赖项升级到 4.4 或任何新版本。