python - 如何在 Django 模型中创建和保存文件

Question

我有一个 View ，它为用户选择的“引用编号”生成一个 .docx 文件 - 我希望在生成文档时将该文件保存到我的订单模型中。

模型.py

#model where I'd like to save the doc each time it gets generated
class Orders(models.Model):

    reference = models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True, error_messages={'unique':"This reference id has already been used"})
    ultimate_consignee = models.ForeignKey(Customers, blank=True)
    ship_to = models.CharField(max_length=500, blank=True)
    vessel = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)
    ...
    order_file = #not sure what data type to use here

View .py

#view generating the .docx
def docjawn(request):

    reference = request.POST.get('Reference_IDs')
    referenceid = reference
    manifest = Manifests.objects.all().filter(reference__reference=referenceid)
    order = Orders.objects.get(reference=reference)

    doc = DocxTemplate("template.docx")
    totalCNF = 0
    totalFOB = 0
    for item in manifest:
        totalCNF += item.cases * item.CNF
        totalFOB += item.cases * item.FOB
    context = {

        'ultimate_consignee' : order.ultimate_consignee,
        'reference' : order.reference,
        'ship_to' : order.ship_to,
        'terms' : order.terms,
        'date' : "12",
        'ship_date' : "7/4/19",
        'vessel' : order.vessel,
        'POE' : order.POE,
        'ETA' : order.ETA,
        'booking_no' : order.booking_no,
        'manifest' : manifest,
        'totalCNF' : totalCNF,
        'totalFOB' : totalFOB,
}


    doc.render(context)

    doc_io = io.BytesIO() # create a file-like object
    doc.save(doc_io) # save data to file-like object
    doc_io.seek(0) # go to the beginning of the file-like object

    response = HttpResponse(doc_io.read())

    # Content-Disposition header makes a file downloadable
    response["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment; filename=generated_doc.docx"

    # Set the appropriate Content-Type for docx file
    response["Content-Type"] = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"

    return response

好的，当访问上面的 View 时，系统应该生成文件并将其保存到 Orders 模型中，WHERE reference = reference_id。这可能吗？有什么建议么？我真的不知道如何开始尝试将两者联系起来。

Answer 1

看来您的观点非常接近您想要的结果。在您的模型中，为 order_file 添加一个 FileField:

class Orders(models.Model):

    ...
    order_file = models.FileField(upload_to='path/to/storage/', null=True, blank=True)

然后在您的 View 中，将您创建的 BytesIO 对象保存到 Orders 对象的 order_file 字段中，并使用正确的 reference_id 将其包装在 File 对象中:

from django.core.files import File

def docjawn(request):

    reference = request.POST.get('Reference_IDs')
    manifest = Manifests.objects.all().filter(reference__reference=reference)
    order = Orders.objects.get(reference=reference)

    # Generate doc file
    ...

    doc_io = io.BytesIO()
    doc.save(doc_io)
    doc_io.seek(0)

    # Save the BytesIO to the field here
    order.order_file.save("generated_doc.docx", File(doc_io))

    response = HttpResponse(doc_io.read())
    response["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment; filename=generated_doc.docx"
    response["Content-Type"] = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"

    return response