java - 如何在 Java Swing Gui 中存储用户输入的变量以供进一步使用？

Question

我目前有一个简单的 Java AWT/Swing 代码，它创建一个简单的 GUI，它接受多个字符串用户输入并将其存储并显示在 Intellij 终端中，如下所示:

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;        // Using AWT container and component classes
import java.awt.event.*;  // Using AWT event classes and listener interfaces
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

// An AWT program inherits from the top-level container java.awt.Frame
public class DateTime extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    private Label lblCount, lblsource, lbldate1, lbldate2;    // Declare a Label component
    private JTextField tfCount, date1, date2; // Declare a TextField component
    private Button btnCount;   // Declare a Button component
    private int count = 0;     // Counter's value
    static String type = null;
    private JCheckBox source1, source2;
    boolean a = false;
    boolean b= false;
    static String source, datedefined1, datedefined2;
    ArrayList<String> texts = new ArrayList<String>();
    // Constructor to setup GUI components and event handlers
    public DateTime () {
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        // "super" Frame, which is a Container, sets its layout to FlowLayout to arrange
        // the components from left-to-right, and flow to next row from top-to-bottom.

        lblCount = new Label("Enter the type of report you want generated; Hourly/ Daily/ Weekly/ EventComparison:");  // construct the Label component
        add(lblCount);                    // "super" Frame container adds Label component

        tfCount = new JTextField("", 20); // construct the TextField component
        tfCount.setEditable(true);       // set to read-only
                          // "super" Frame container adds TextField component

        tfCount.setBounds(10,50,200,40);
        add(tfCount);
        tfCount.addActionListener(this);

        lblsource = new Label("Now choose the source type:");
        add(lblsource);
        source1 = new JCheckBox("Drivetest", a);
        source1.setBounds(10,100,50,30);
        add(source1);
        source2 = new JCheckBox("Ookla Dump",b);
        add(source2);
        source1.addActionListener(this);
        source2.addActionListener(this);


            lbldate1 = new Label("Please enter the Start DATETIME of the chosen duration(YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS) :");
            add(lbldate1);
            date1 = new JTextField("", 30); // construct the TextField component
            date1.setEditable(true);
            add(date1);
            date1.addActionListener(this);
            lbldate2 = new Label("Please enter the end DATETIME of the chosen duration(YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS): ");
            add(lbldate2);
            date2 = new JTextField("",30);
            date2.setEditable(true);
            add(date2);
            date2.addActionListener(this);

            // set to read-only
            // "super" Frame container adds TextField component



        // "btnCount" is the source object that fires an ActionEvent when clicked.
        // The source add "this" instance as an ActionEvent listener, which provides
        //   an ActionEvent handler called actionPerformed().
        // Clicking "btnCount" invokes actionPerformed().

        setTitle("Report Generator");  // "super" Frame sets its title
        setSize(800, 700);        // "super" Frame sets its initial window size

        // For inspecting the Container/Components objects
        // System.out.println(this);
        // System.out.println(lblCount);
        // System.out.println(tfCount);
        // System.out.println(btnCount);

        setVisible(true);         // "super" Frame shows


        // System.out.println(this);
        // System.out.println(lblCount);
        // System.out.println(tfCount);
        // System.out.println(btnCount);
    }

    // The entry main() method
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Invoke the constructor to setup the GUI, by allocating an instance
        DateTime app = new DateTime();

        // or simply "new AWTCounter();" for an anonymous instance

    }

    // ActionEvent handler - Called back upon button-click.
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
        Object actionsource = evt.getSource();
        if(actionsource instanceof JTextField){
            JTextField dateget1 = (JTextField) evt.getSource();
            JTextField dateget2 = (JTextField) evt.getSource();

            if (dateget1 == date1){
            datedefined1 = date1.getText();
                System.out.println(datedefined1);}
            else if(dateget2 == date2){

            datedefined2 = date2.getText();
            System.out.println(datedefined2);}
            else{
                type = tfCount.getText();
                System.out.println(type);


            }



        }
        else if(actionsource instanceof JCheckBox){
            JCheckBox cb = (JCheckBox) evt.getSource();
            if(cb == source1){
                source = "Drivetest";
                System.out.println(source);
            }
            else if(cb == source2){
                source = "Ookla Data Dump";
                System.out.println(source);
            }

        }



    }
}

问题是，我的主程序在执行之前需要接受并存储多个字符串变量(即类型、源、date1 和 date2)。

我的程序正常终端样式运行的代码如下所示:

 System.out.println("Enter the report type you would like: DailyComparison or HourlyComparison or WeeklyComparison or EventComparison; Type the exact words!");
    type = scan.next();
    System.out.println("Now enter the type of data you would like analysed: OOKLA or ManualTest: ");
    source = scan.next();
    if("DailyComparison".equals(type) || "HourlyComparison".equals(type) || "WeeklyComparison".equals(type) ){
        Scanner scan2 = new Scanner((System.in));
        System.out.println("Now enter the lower bound of the DateTime range(FORMAT YYYY-MM-DD HH:00:00):");
        date1 = scan2.nextLine();
        System.out.println("Now enter the upper bound of the DateTime range(FORMAT YYYY-MM-DD HH:00:00):");
        date2 = scan2.nextLine();
    }

正常情况下通过终端进行用户输入。

然后使用用户输入来运行程序的其余部分，调用我定义的其他类中的方法:

Report.report(date1, date2, type, filename, source);// Creates the excel .xlsx file report

MailSender.MailSender(filename, type); // Send a email containing the attached report xlsx file

所以我的问题是:如何扩展此 GUI 代码的功能，以便可以首先收集用户输入的字符串变量，然后用于运行程序的其余部分？

编辑:

谢谢各位的建议。

我有点让它工作，但我不确定结构是否合理。之前发生的情况是，由于每个组件都处理不同的变量，因此我想在调用处理这些变量的主方法类之前先存储所有变量。

所以我创建了一个名为“生成报告”的附加按钮，并在该按钮的 Action 监听器条件+ Action 下，我像这样放置了 class.methods 。基本上我在各个组件(复选框、按钮等)中输入所有变量，然后按“生成报告”

 if (evt.getActionCommand() == "Generate Report") {


                if ("DailyComparison".equals(type)) {
                    filename = "\\Users\\User\\Documents\\Reports\\" + " Daily SpeedTest Telco Comparison Report";
                    datedefined3 = null;
                    datedefined4 = null;
                    datedefined5 = null;
                    datedefined6 = null;
                } else if ("WeeklyComparison".equals(type)) {
                    filename = "\\Users\\User\\Documents\\Reports\\" + " Weekly Telco Comparison Report";
                    datedefined3 = null;
                    datedefined4 = null;
                    datedefined5 = null;
                    datedefined6 = null;
                } else if ("HourlyComparison".equals(type)) {
                    filename = "\\Users\\User\\Documents\\Reports\\" + "Hourly Telco Comparison Report";
                    datedefined3 = null;
                    datedefined4 = null;
                    datedefined5 = null;
                    datedefined6 = null;
                }
                if("HourlyComparison".equals(type)|"DailyComparison".equals(type)|"WeeklyComparison".equals(type)) {
                    Report.report(datedefined1, datedefined2, datedefined3, datedefined4, datedefined5, datedefined6, type, filename, source);// Creates the base excel .xlsx file report
                    LinechartGenerator.chartgen(0, "upload", datedefined1, datedefined2, datedefined3, datedefined4, datedefined5, datedefined6, source, type, filename);
                    LinechartGenerator.chartgen(0, "download", datedefined1, datedefined2, datedefined3, datedefined4, datedefined5, datedefined6, source, type, filename);
                    LinechartGenerator.chartgen(0, "latency", datedefined1, datedefined2, datedefined3, datedefined4, datedefined5, datedefined6, source, type, filename);
        }


    }

尽管代码有其局限性，我不能先按“生成报告”，否则程序只会抛出错误，因为没有存储变量。

我还遇到了一个障碍，我试图找到 Flush Scanner 功能的 Swing 等效项，以允许用户在同一程序实例中生成多个报告。

Answer 1

这将引用一些基本原则:

• 模型- View - Controller - “数据”与 View 以及用于收集数据的机制分离
• 观察者模式 - 用于在某些状态发生变化时生成通知，以便感兴趣的各方可以采取行动。

观察者模式在大多数 UI 框架中广泛使用，这些框架往往是事件驱动的(发生了一些事情，你对其做出响应)，而不是过程或线性驱动。

通常，您将创建一个“表单”，其中包含捕获所需数据的字段和某种“按钮”，按下该“按钮”将启动下一步 - 验证数据、构建模型并生成表单已完成的通知。

观察者随后将获取模型并根据需要对其进行处理。

这些只是 UI 开发中使用的一些基本概念。看看:

• Creating a GUI With JFC/Swing
• How to use buttons
• How to write Action Listeners

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