java - 显示信息的同时保留封装

Question

假设我有以下类来表示 Car 和 Tire:

public final class Tire{

    private final String brand
    private final TireType type;

    public Tire(String brand, type)
    {
      this.brand = brand
      this.type = type;      
    }

    //getters and toString() for tire attributes
}


public final class Car{

    private final String name;
    private final Tire tire;

    public Car(String name, Tire tire){
        this.name = name;
        this.tire = tire;     
    }

    public String getName(){
        return this.name;   
    } 
}

我完全意识到我的 Car 和 Tire 示例缺乏显着的属性，但这不是我问题的重点，这是最简单的 MCVE我可以想出。

摘自《Effective Java》(第 53 页):

Whether or not you specify the format, provide programmatic access to all of the information contained in the value returned by toString.

在我的Car类中，toString()方法显然会返回名称，并且根据Effective Java，如上所述，我还应该提供一个getter。我的问题是返回轮胎的详细信息时。

问题:

根据Effective Java 引用的建议，我如何正确返回汽车的详细信息(包括轮胎)以供显示？

我会这样做吗:

public Tire getTire(){
    return this.tire   
}

public String toString(){
     return  "Name:  " + this.name + " Tire: " + this.tire;   
}  

或者换句话说，当你有一个类(在我的例子中( Tire))，它也是另一个类(在我的例子中( Car))的属性时，当返回要在 GUI 中打印的详细信息时，我将如何执行此操作并进行反封装？

Answer 1

检查下面的代码

public class Tire
{
    private string m_brand;
    private string m_type;
    public Tire(string brand, string type)
    {
        this.m_brand = brand;
        this.m_type = type;
    }

    public string getTireBrand()
    {
        return this.m_brand;
    }

    public string getTireType()
    {
        return this.m_type;
    }

    public override string ToString()
    {
        return "brand - " + this.m_brand + ", type - " + this.m_type;
    }
}

public class Car
{
    private string m_name;
    private Tire m_tire;

    public Car(string name, Tire tire)
    {
        this.m_name = name;
        this.m_tire = tire;
    }

    public string getCarDetails()
    {
        string car = this.m_name;
        string tireBrand = this.m_tire.getTireBrand();
        string tireType = this.m_tire.getTireType();

        return "Name:  " + car + " Tire: brand - " + tireBrand + ", type - " + tireType;
    }

    public string _getCarDetails()
    {
        return "Name:  " + this.m_name + " Tire: " + this.m_tire.ToString();
    }
}