java - @PersistenceContext(unitName ="myPersistence") 无法启动我的 TomEE Web 服务器

Question

在我的 Eclipse 动态 Web 项目中，我使用 JPA。我已经在 TomEE 服务器下的 tomee.xml 中创建了连接，并且工作正常。我创建了一个 persistence.xml 文件，如下所示；但是如果我尝试在 BusinessBean 中添加行 @PersistenceContext(unitName="myPersistence") 我会看到以下错误并且服务器无法启动。如果我尝试在 unitName 下插入随机名称，我也会看到相同的错误。很奇怪，请问如何解决这个问题？谢谢!

我的持久性文件:

<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" version="1.0">
	
	<persistence-unit name="myPersistence">

	<jta-data-source>connessioneCorsoWeb</jta-data-source>
		<properties>
			<property name="openejb.jpa.auto-scan" value="true" />
			<!-- <property name="openjpa.jdbc.SynchronizeMappings" value="buildSchema(ForeignKeys=true)" /> -->
		</properties>
	</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

我的错误:

Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
AVVERTENZA: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:corso_web' did not find a matching property.
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Server version:        Apache Tomcat (TomEE)/8.5.32 (7.0.5)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Server built:          Jun 20 2018 19:50:35 UTC
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Server number:         8.5.32.0
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: OS Name:               Mac OS X
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: OS Version:            10.13.6
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Architecture:          x86_64
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Java Home:             /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_20.jdk/Contents/Home/jre
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: JVM Version:           1.8.0_20-b26
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: JVM Vendor:            Oracle Corporation
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: CATALINA_BASE:         /Volumes/Main/Workspace/Learning/JEE2/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: CATALINA_HOME:         /Applications/apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=/Volumes/Main/Workspace/Learning/JEE2/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=/Applications/apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Command line argument: -Dwtp.deploy=/Volumes/Main/Workspace/Learning/JEE2/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Command line argument: -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/Applications/apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5/endorsed
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Command line argument: -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:21 AM sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/Users/test/Library/Java/Extensions:/Library/Java/Extensions:/Network/Library/Java/Extensions:/System/Library/Java/Extensions:/usr/lib/java:.]
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:22 AM sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:22 AM sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:22 AM sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:22 AM sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl invoke
INFORMAZIONI: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.util.OptionsLog info
INFORMAZIONI: Using 'openejb.jdbc.datasource-creator=org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator'
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: ********************************************************************************
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: OpenEJB http://tomee.apache.org/
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: Startup: Thu Sep 06 10:47:23 CEST 2018
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: Copyright 1999-2018 (C) Apache OpenEJB Project, All Rights Reserved.
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: Version: 7.0.5
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: Build date: 20180710
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: Build time: 12:28
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: ********************************************************************************
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: openejb.home = /Applications/apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFORMAZIONI: openejb.base = /Volumes/Main/Workspace/Learning/JEE2/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder initializeOWB
INFORMAZIONI: Created new singletonService org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@8909f18
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder initializeOWB
INFORMAZIONI: Succeeded in installing singleton service
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory init
INFORMAZIONI: TomEE configuration file is '/Volumes/Main/Workspace/Learning/JEE2/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/conf/openejb.xml'
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFORMAZIONI: Configuring Service(id=Tomcat Security Service, type=SecurityService, provider-id=Tomcat Security Service)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFORMAZIONI: Configuring Service(id=Default Transaction Manager, type=TransactionManager, provider-id=Default Transaction Manager)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFORMAZIONI: Configuring Service(id=My DataSource, type=Resource, provider-id=Default JDBC Database)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFORMAZIONI: Configuring Service(id=My Unmanaged DataSource, type=Resource, provider-id=Default JDBC Database)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFORMAZIONI: Configuring Service(id=My Singleton Container, type=Container, provider-id=Default Singleton Container)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFORMAZIONI: Configuring Service(id=My Stateful Container, type=Container, provider-id=Default Stateful Container)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFORMAZIONI: Configuring Service(id=My Stateless Container, type=Container, provider-id=Default Stateless Container)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.config.DeploymentsResolver loadFrom
AVVERTENZA: File error: <Deployments dir="apps/"> - Does not exist: /Volumes/Main/Workspace/Learning/JEE2/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/apps
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.util.OptionsLog info
INFORMAZIONI: Using 'openejb.deployments.classpath=false'
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:23 AM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createRecipe
INFORMAZIONI: Creating TransactionManager(id=Default Transaction Manager)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:24 AM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createRecipe
INFORMAZIONI: Creating SecurityService(id=Tomcat Security Service)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:24 AM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createRecipe
INFORMAZIONI: Creating Resource(id=My DataSource)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:34 AM org.apache.openejb.config.JndiEncInfoBuilder buildEjbRefs
AVVERTENZA: Unresolved ejb reference "java:comp/env/web.Activator/activeBean" in bean "corso_web.Comp".  Will attempt resolution again at runtime.
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:34 AM org.apache.openejb.config.JndiEncInfoBuilder buildEjbRefs
AVVERTENZA: Unresolved ejb reference "java:comp/env/web.Activator/activeBean" in bean "/Volumes/Main/Workspace/Learning/JEE2/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/corso_web".  Will attempt resolution again at runtime.
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:34 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ReportValidationResults logResults
GRAVE: FAIL ... corso_web:	Use of @PersistenceContext only applies to EntityManager references.  Fix ref "java:comp/env/business.PersonaBean/erisci"
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:34 AM org.apache.openejb.config.ReportValidationResults logResults
GRAVE: Invalid EjbModule(name=corso_web, path=/Volumes/Main/Workspace/Learning/JEE2/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/corso_web)
Sep 06, 2018 10:47:34 AM org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder startInternal
GRAVE: Unable to deploy collapsed ear in war StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/corso_web]
org.apache.openejb.config.ValidationFailedException: Module failed validation. AppModule(name=corso_web)
	at org.apache.openejb.config.ReportValidationResults.deploy(ReportValidationResults.java:88)
	at org.apache.openejb.config.AppInfoBuilder.build(AppInfoBuilder.java:327)
	at org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory.configureApplication(ConfigurationFactory.java:1040)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder.startInternal(TomcatWebAppBuilder.java:1281)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder.configureStart(TomcatWebAppBuilder.java:1125)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.GlobalListenerSupport.lifecycleEvent(GlobalListenerSupport.java:133)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5154)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1421)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1411)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

Sep 06, 2018 10:47:34 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
GRAVE: ContainerBase.removeChild: destroy: 
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: An invalid Lifecycle transition was attempted ([before_destroy]) for component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/corso_web]] in state [STARTING_PREP]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.invalidTransition(LifecycleBase.java:402)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:292)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.removeChild(ContainerBase.java:856)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder.undeploy(TomcatWebAppBuilder.java:1651)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder.undeploy(TomcatWebAppBuilder.java:1631)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder.startInternal(TomcatWebAppBuilder.java:1312)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder.configureStart(TomcatWebAppBuilder.java:1125)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.GlobalListenerSupport.lifecycleEvent(GlobalListenerSupport.java:133)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5154)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1421)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1411)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

Sep 06, 2018 10:47:34 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
GRAVE: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/corso_web]]
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:941)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1421)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1411)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/corso_web]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
	... 6 more
Caused by: org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomEERuntimeException: org.apache.openejb.config.ValidationFailedException: Module failed validation. AppModule(name=corso_web)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder.startInternal(TomcatWebAppBuilder.java:1315)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder.configureStart(TomcatWebAppBuilder.java:1125)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.GlobalListenerSupport.lifecycleEvent(GlobalListenerSupport.java:133)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5154)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 6 more
Caused by: org.apache.openejb.config.ValidationFailedException: Module failed validation. AppModule(name=corso_web)
	at org.apache.openejb.config.ReportValidationResults.deploy(ReportValidationResults.java:88)
	at org.apache.openejb.config.AppInfoBuilder.build(AppInfoBuilder.java:327)
	at org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory.configureApplication(ConfigurationFactory.java:1040)
	at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatWebAppBuilder.startInternal(TomcatWebAppBuilder.java:1281)
	... 11 more

Sep 06, 2018 10:47:34 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
GRAVE: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:941)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:793)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:681)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:353)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:493)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1421)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1411)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:949)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 6 more

Sep 06, 2018 10:47:34 AM sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl invoke
GRAVE: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:681)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:353)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:493)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:793)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:949)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 11 more

Answer 1

注入(inject)上下文的类型是什么(business.PersonaBean/erisci)？必须是 EntityManager。如果您需要 EntityManagerFactory，请使用@PersistenceUnit。如果是 EntityManager，则可能意味着您的应用程序打包的 jpa api 与提供的 API 冲突。