java - 无法将加密格式从 Java 复制到 PHP

Question

我有以下 Java 代码，由一位集成合作伙伴共享其 API 加密

    import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
    import java.security.AlgorithmParameters;
    import java.security.SecureRandom;
    import java.security.spec.KeySpec;
    import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
    import javax.crypto.Cipher;
    import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
    import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
    import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
    import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
    import javax.crypto.spec.PBEKeySpec;
    import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
    import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

public class AES256 {

    /**
     *
     * @param word
     * @param keyString
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String encrypt(String word, String keyString) throws Exception {
        byte[] ivBytes;
        //String password = "zohokeyoct2017";
        /*you can give whatever you want for password. This is for testing purpose*/
        SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
        byte bytes[] = new byte[20];
        random.nextBytes(bytes);
        byte[] saltBytes = bytes;
        System.out.println("salt enc:"+saltBytes.toString());
        // Derive the key
        SecretKeyFactory factory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1");
        PBEKeySpec spec = new PBEKeySpec(keyString.toCharArray(), saltBytes, 65556, 256);
        SecretKey secretKey = factory.generateSecret(spec);
        SecretKeySpec secret = new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getEncoded(), "AES");
        //encrypting the word
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secret);
        AlgorithmParameters params = cipher.getParameters();
        ivBytes = params.getParameterSpec(IvParameterSpec.class).getIV();
        byte[] encryptedTextBytes = cipher.doFinal(word.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        //prepend salt and vi
        byte[] buffer = new byte[saltBytes.length + ivBytes.length + encryptedTextBytes.length];
        System.arraycopy(saltBytes, 0, buffer, 0, saltBytes.length);
        System.arraycopy(ivBytes, 0, buffer, saltBytes.length, ivBytes.length);
        System.arraycopy(encryptedTextBytes, 0, buffer, saltBytes.length + ivBytes.length, encryptedTextBytes.length);
        return new Base64().encodeToString(buffer);
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param encryptedText
     * @param keyString
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String decrypt(String encryptedText, String keyString) throws Exception {
        //String password = "zohokeyoct2017";
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
        //strip off the salt and iv
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(new Base64().decode(encryptedText));
        byte[] saltBytes = new byte[20];
        buffer.get(saltBytes, 0, saltBytes.length);
        byte[] ivBytes1 = new byte[16];

        buffer.get(ivBytes1, 0, ivBytes1.length);
        byte[] encryptedTextBytes = new byte[buffer.capacity() - saltBytes.length - ivBytes1.length];

        buffer.get(encryptedTextBytes);
        // Deriving the key
        SecretKeyFactory factory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1");
        KeySpec spec = new PBEKeySpec(keyString.toCharArray(), saltBytes, 65556, 256);
        SecretKey secretKey = factory.generateSecret(spec);
        SecretKeySpec secret = new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getEncoded(), "AES");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secret, new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes1));
        byte[] decryptedTextBytes = null;
        try {
            decryptedTextBytes = cipher.doFinal(encryptedTextBytes);
        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
            System.out.println("Exception"+e);
        }

        return new String(decryptedTextBytes);
    }

    public static void main (String []args) throws Exception{
        String encryptedText;
        encryptedText = AES256.encrypt("106_2002005_9000000106","3264324");
        System.out.println("Encrypted Text:"+encryptedText);
        System.out.println("Decrypted Text:"+AES256.decrypt(encryptedText,"3264324"));

    }
}

我尝试了一些从 stackoverflow 或 google 获得的 PHP 代码。无法让它们中的任何一个工作。

我最近在 PHP 上尝试的代码如下

class AtomAES {

    public function encrypt($data = '', $key = NULL, $salt = "") {
        if($key != NULL && $data != "" && $salt != ""){

            $method = "AES-256-CBC";

            //Converting Array to bytes
            $iv = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15];
            $chars = array_map("chr", $iv);
            $IVbytes = join($chars);


            $salt1 = mb_convert_encoding($salt, "UTF-8"); //Encoding to UTF-8
            $key1 = mb_convert_encoding($key, "UTF-8"); //Encoding to UTF-8

            //SecretKeyFactory Instance of PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1 Java Equivalent
            $hash = openssl_pbkdf2($key1,$salt1,'256','65536', 'sha1'); 

            $encrypted = openssl_encrypt($data, $method, $hash, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $IVbytes);

            return bin2hex($encrypted);
        }else{
            return "String to encrypt, Salt and Key is required.";
        }
    }

    public function decrypt($data="", $key = NULL, $salt = "") {
        if($key != NULL && $data != "" && $salt != ""){
            $dataEncypted = hex2bin($data);
            $method = "AES-256-CBC";

            //Converting Array to bytes
            $iv = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15];
            $chars = array_map("chr", $iv);
            $IVbytes = join($chars);

            $salt1 = mb_convert_encoding($salt, "UTF-8");//Encoding to UTF-8
            $key1 = mb_convert_encoding($key, "UTF-8");//Encoding to UTF-8

            //SecretKeyFactory Instance of PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1 Java Equivalent
            $hash = openssl_pbkdf2($key1,$salt1,'256','65536', 'sha1'); 

            $decrypted = openssl_decrypt($dataEncypted, $method, $hash, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $IVbytes);
            return $decrypted;
        }else{

            return "Encrypted String to decrypt, Salt and Key is required.";

        }
    }

}

这是我想尝试的 PHP 代码，但它没有按照 Java 代码的预期工作。

Encrypted Text:1HO8iuSZf41RzP/gUleEJY3zhtLJVwFMnhZiphnoG0m9ss+g93Sj5SqQg0D7OsgSvUZCeX2Ck5QPpFrPxM0FE/yFE5s=
Decrypted Text:This is a sample text
KEY: NEWENCTEST

尝试使用 PHP 代码和 key 解密上述 java 加密文本，如果有效那就太好了。

如果有人可以帮助我，这将是一个很大的帮助!

TIA!

Answer 1

在Java加密方法中，(随机生成的)salt-和IV-字节与加密字节一起复制到单个字节数组中，该字节数组变为base64编码并返回。相反，PHP 加密方法仅返回加密字节的十六进制表示形式。因此，有关 salt 和 IV 的信息会丢失，并且不再可能解密(除非以其他方式重建 salt 和 IV)。为了防止这种情况，您必须更改 PHP 加密-方法，如下所示:

public function encrypt($data = '', $key = NULL) {
    if($key != NULL && $data != ""){
        $method = "AES-256-CBC";
        $key1 = mb_convert_encoding($key, "UTF-8"); //Encoding to UTF-8
        //Randomly generate IV and salt
        $salt1 = random_bytes (20); 
        $IVbytes = random_bytes (16); 
        //SecretKeyFactory Instance of PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1 Java Equivalent
        $hash = openssl_pbkdf2($key1,$salt1,'256','65556', 'sha1'); 
        // Encrypt
        $encrypted = openssl_encrypt($data, $method, $hash, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $IVbytes);
        // Concatenate salt, IV and encrypted text and base64-encode the result
        $result = base64_encode($salt1.$IVbytes.$encrypted);            
        return $result;
    }else{
        return "String to encrypt, Key is required.";
    }
}

现在，参数$result是一个base64编码的字符串，包含salt、IV和加密。顺便说一下，参数 $salt1 和 $IVbytes 现在也是随机生成的(类似于 Java encrypt 方法)。此外，用于 key 生成的迭代计数已从 65536 更改为 65556(类似于 Java 加密方法)。注意:通常，由于盐和 IV 的随机性，加密文本是不可复制的(即使在相同的纯文本和相同的 key /密码的情况下)。

Java decrypt-方法对base64编码的字符串进行解码，然后确定解密所需的三个部分，即salt-、IV-和加密字节。 PHP decrypt-方法必须补充以下功能:

public function decrypt($data="", $key = NULL) {
    if($key != NULL && $data != ""){
        $method = "AES-256-CBC";
        $key1 = mb_convert_encoding($key, "UTF-8");//Encoding to UTF-8
        // Base64-decode data
        $dataDecoded = base64_decode($data);
        // Derive salt, IV and encrypted text from decoded data
        $salt1 = substr($dataDecoded,0,20); 
        $IVbytes = substr($dataDecoded,20,16); 
        $dataEncrypted = substr($dataDecoded,36); 
        // SecretKeyFactory Instance of PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1 Java Equivalent
        $hash = openssl_pbkdf2($key1,$salt1,'256','65556', 'sha1'); 
        // Decrypt
        $decrypted = openssl_decrypt($dataEncrypted, $method, $hash, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $IVbytes);
        return $decrypted;
    }else{
        return "Encrypted String to decrypt, Key is required.";
    }
}

现在，参数$dataDecoded包含解码后的base64编码字符串，其中salt-($salt1)、IV-($IVbytes)和加密-($dataEncrypted) 字节被导出。此外，用于 key 生成的迭代计数已从 65536 更改为 65556(类似于 Java decrypt 方法)。

测试用例1:使用PHP加密和解密

$atomAES = new AtomAES();
$encrypt = $atomAES->encrypt("This is a text...This is a text...This is a text...", "This is the password");
echo $encrypt; 
$decrypt = $atomAES->decrypt($encrypt, "This is the password");
echo $decrypt; 

$encrypt 的结果(由于盐和 IV 的随机性，每次加密的结果通常不同):

6n4V9wqgsQq87HOYNRZmddnncSNyjFZZb8nSSAi681+hs+jwzDVQCugcg108iTMZLlmBB2KQ4iist+SuboFH0bnJxW6+rmZK07CiZ1Ip+8XOv6UuJPjVPxXTIny5p3QptpBGpw==

对于$decrypt:

This is a text...This is a text...This is a text...

测试用例2:使用Java加密，使用PHP解密

encryptedText = AES256.encrypt("This is a text...This is a text...This is a text...","This is the password");
System.out.println(encryptedText);

加密文本的结果(由于盐和 IV 的随机性，每次加密的结果通常不同):

qfR76lc04eYAPjjqYiE1wXoraD9bI7ql41gSV/hsT/BLoJe0i0GgJnud7IXOHdcCljgtyFkXB95XibSyr/CazoMhwPeK6xsgPbQkr7ljSg8H1i17c8iWpEXBQPm0nij9qQNJ8A==

和

$decrypt = $atomAES->decrypt("qfR76lc04eYAPjjqYiE1wXoraD9bI7ql41gSV/hsT/BLoJe0i0GgJnud7IXOHdcCljgtyFkXB95XibSyr/CazoMhwPeK6xsgPbQkr7ljSg8H1i17c8iWpEXBQPm0nij9qQNJ8A==", "This is the password");
echo $decrypt; 

$decrypt 的结果:

This is a text...This is a text...This is a text...

测试用例3:使用Java加密，使用PHP解密

encryptedText = AES256.encrypt("This is a sample text","NEWENCTEST");
System.out.println(encryptedText);

1HO8iuSZf41RzP/gUleEJY3zhtLJVwFMnhZiphnoG0m9ss+g93Sj5SqQg0D7OsgSvUZCeX2Ck5QPpFrPxM0FE/yFE5s=

和

$decrypt = $atomAES->decrypt("1HO8iuSZf41RzP/gUleEJY3zhtLJVwFMnhZiphnoG0m9ss+g93Sj5SqQg0D7OsgSvUZCeX2Ck5QPpFrPxM0FE/yFE5s=", "NEWENCTEST");
echo $decrypt; 

$decrypt 的结果:

 This is a sample text