python - (Python 3.5.2) 如何找到我的输入是列表中的哪一项？

Question

如何在不使用“if”语句的情况下找到输入在列表中的哪个位置？我当前的代码如下。我想删除 if 语句，以便在输入品种时，计算机输出“Great choice!”然后以尽可能紧凑的代码单独输出价格。我需要一些东西来找到输入是列表中的哪个值，然后打印另一个列表中的相应位置。

dog_breed_list = ["daschund", "chihuahua", "French boxer", "Jack Russell", 
"poodle"]

dog_price_list = [350, 640, 530, 400, 370]

dog_choice = input("Welcome to the Pet Shop. \nWhich is your breed choice?")

if dog_choice == dog_breed_list[0]:
    print("Great choice! This breed costs £350.")
elif dog_choice == dog_breed_list[1]:
    print("Great choice! This breed costs £640.")
elif dog_choice == dog_breed_list[2]: 
    print("Great choice! This breed costs £530.")
elif dog_choice == dog_breed_list[3]:
    print("Great choice! This breed costs £400.")

Answer 1

使用字典:

dog_breed_list = ["daschund", "chihuahua", "French boxer",
                  "Jack Russell", "poodle"]

dog_price_list = [350, 640, 530, 400, 370]

dictionary = {dog_breed_list[n]: dog_price_list[n]
              for n in range(len(dog_breed_list))}

dog_choice = input("Welcome to the Pet Shop. \nWhich is your breed choice? ")

if dog_choice in dictionary:
    print("Great choice! This breed costs £"+str(dictionary[dog_choice])+".")