java - 当尝试在 Selenium 中使用 POM 自动化论坛时，我遇到了 java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError...我该如何解决这个问题？

Question

我正在尝试将 POM 用于我想要自动化的网页，但出现以下错误:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/beust/jcommander/ParameterException
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Unknown Source)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(Unknown Source)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.beust.jcommander.ParameterException
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
    ... 7 more

我不确定发生了什么事。我将 TestNG 以及任何 jar 文件添加到 Selenium 中。无论如何，这是代码:

第一个来 self 在名为 testcases 的包中名为 Forumloginapplication.java 的文件

package testcases;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import objectrepository.SimpleProgrammerForum;

public class Forumloginapplication {

    @Test
    public void Login() {

        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\Adam\\Downloads\\chromedriver.exe");
        WebDriver driver=new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://simpleprogrammer.com/members/");

        SimpleProgrammerForum sp=new SimpleProgrammerForum(driver);
        sp.Loginnav().click();
        sp.Userid().sendKeys("10asmock");
        sp.Userpass().sendKeys("secret");
        sp.Rememberme().click();
        sp.Login_button().click();
    }

}

这个名为 SimpleProgrammerForum.java，位于一个名为 objectrepository 的包中:

package objectrepository;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

public class SimpleProgrammerForum {

    WebDriver driver;

    public SimpleProgrammerForum(WebDriver driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
    }

    By login_navbar=By.xpath("//span[@class='p-navgroup-linkText'][contains(text(),'Log in')]");
    By username=By.name("login");
    By password=By.name("password");
    By login_checkbox=By.name("remember");
    By login_button=By.className("button-text");

    public WebElement Loginnav() {
        return driver.findElement(login_navbar);
    }

    public WebElement Userid() {
        return driver.findElement(username);
    }

    public WebElement Userpass() {
        return driver.findElement(password);
    }

    public WebElement Rememberme() {
        return driver.findElement(login_checkbox);
    }

    public WebElement Login_button() {
        return driver.findElement(login_button);
    }

}

当我运行该程序时，我得到的另一件事是一个弹出窗口，告诉我:“错误:发生 JNI 错误，请检查您的安装并重试。”随后是另一个弹出窗口，其中指出:“发生了 Java 异常。”

Answer 1

TestNG 有 JCommander 依赖项:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
  <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
  <version>6.14.3</version>
  <name>testng</name>
  <description>A testing framework for the JVM</description>
  <url>http://testng.org</url>
...
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.beust</groupId>
      <artifactId>jcommander</artifactId>
      <version>1.72</version>
    </dependency>
...
  </dependencies>
</project>

您将需要使用 Maven 或手动将所有 TestNG 依赖项添加为 jar 文件。