java - 无法使用 Spring Data JPA 创建 JOIN

Question

我是 Spring Data 的新手，并尝试通过关注 this post on SO 来解决此问题和其他一些教程，但没有太大的成功。

我正在尝试在 2 个表之间使用 Spring Data JPA 进行简单的联接。
数据库中的表被称为:
* user_vehicle -> 包含每个用户所有车辆的信息，因为 1 个用户可以拥有许多车辆
* vehicle_model 包含有关车辆模型的数据(id、名称等)

user_vehicle 表中数据库中的当前数据:
身份证 |车辆编号 |用户身份
1 | 1 | 1
2 | 2 | 1

这是我尝试过但无法正常工作的代码(从帖子中删除了 getter 和 setter 以缩短它):

@Entity(name = "vehicle_model")
public class VehicleModel {

@Id
@Min(1)
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
private Long manufacturerId;
private String title;
private int ccm;
private int kw;
private int yearOfManufacture;
private int engineTypeId;
private boolean isActive;

@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name = "vehicle_id", insertable = false, updatable = false)
@Fetch(FetchMode.JOIN)
private UserVehicle userVehicle;
}


@Entity(name = "user_vehicle")
public class UserVehicle {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private long id;
@Column(nullable = false)
private long vehicleId;
@Column(nullable = false)
private long userId;

@OneToMany(targetEntity = VehicleModel.class, mappedBy = "userVehicle", fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
List<VehicleModel> vehicleModels;
}


@Repository
public interface UserVehicleRepository extends CrudRepository<UserVehicle, Long> 
{
    Iterable<UserVehicle> findVehicleModelsByUserId(Long userId);
}

我期望在带有填充的 vehicle_model 数据的迭代中获得 2 个结果。相反，我得到 2 个结果，但对于 vehicleModels 属性，我得到“无法评估表达式方法抛出了 'org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException' 异常。”

这是控制台的输出:

2019-06-23 02:04:10.988 DEBUG 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] org.hibernate.SQL : select uservehicl0_.id as id1_1_, uservehicl0_.user_id as user_id2_1_, uservehicl0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_3_1_ from user_vehicle uservehicl0_ where uservehicl0_.user_id=?
2019-06-23 02:04:11.034 DEBUG 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] org.hibernate.SQL : select vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.ccm as ccm2_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.engine_type_id as engine_t3_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.is_active as is_activ4_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.kw as kw5_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.manufacturer_id as manufact6_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.title as title7_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.year_of_manufacture as year_of_8_4_1_ from vehicle_model vehiclemod0_ where vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id=?
2019-06-23 02:04:11.035 WARN 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : SQL Error: 1054, SQLState: 42S22
2019-06-23 02:04:11.035 ERROR 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : Unknown column 'vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id' in 'field list'
2019-06-23 02:04:11.036 DEBUG 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] org.hibernate.SQL : select vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.ccm as ccm2_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.engine_type_id as engine_t3_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.is_active as is_activ4_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.kw as kw5_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.manufacturer_id as manufact6_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.title as title7_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.year_of_manufacture as year_of_8_4_1_ from vehicle_model vehiclemod0_ where vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id=?
2019-06-23 02:04:11.037 WARN 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : SQL Error: 1054, SQLState: 42S22
2019-06-23 02:04:11.037 ERROR 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : Unknown column 'vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id' in 'field list'
2019-06-23 02:04:11.038 DEBUG 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] org.hibernate.SQL : select vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.ccm as ccm2_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.engine_type_id as engine_t3_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.is_active as is_activ4_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.kw as kw5_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.manufacturer_id as manufact6_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.title as title7_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.year_of_manufacture as year_of_8_4_1_ from vehicle_model vehiclemod0_ where vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id=?
2019-06-23 02:04:11.039 WARN 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : SQL Error: 1054, SQLState: 42S22
2019-06-23 02:04:11.040 ERROR 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : Unknown column 'vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id' in 'field list'
2019-06-23 02:04:11.042 DEBUG 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] org.hibernate.SQL : select vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.ccm as ccm2_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.engine_type_id as engine_t3_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.is_active as is_activ4_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.kw as kw5_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.manufacturer_id as manufact6_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.title as title7_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.year_of_manufacture as year_of_8_4_1_ from vehicle_model vehiclemod0_ where vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id=?
2019-06-23 02:04:11.043 WARN 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : SQL Error: 1054, SQLState: 42S22
2019-06-23 02:04:11.043 ERROR 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : Unknown column 'vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id' in 'field list'
2019-06-23 02:04:11.045 DEBUG 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] org.hibernate.SQL : select vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.ccm as ccm2_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.engine_type_id as engine_t3_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.is_active as is_activ4_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.kw as kw5_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.manufacturer_id as manufact6_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.title as title7_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.year_of_manufacture as year_of_8_4_1_ from vehicle_model vehiclemod0_ where vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id=?
2019-06-23 02:04:11.046 WARN 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : SQL Error: 1054, SQLState: 42S22
2019-06-23 02:04:11.046 ERROR 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : Unknown column 'vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id' in 'field list'
2019-06-23 02:04:11.048 DEBUG 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] org.hibernate.SQL : select vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_0_, vehiclemod0_.id as id1_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.ccm as ccm2_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.engine_type_id as engine_t3_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.is_active as is_activ4_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.kw as kw5_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.manufacturer_id as manufact6_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.title as title7_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id as vehicle_9_4_1_, vehiclemod0_.year_of_manufacture as year_of_8_4_1_ from vehicle_model vehiclemod0_ where vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id=?
2019-06-23 02:04:11.049 WARN 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : SQL Error: 1054, SQLState: 42S22
2019-06-23 02:04:11.049 ERROR 5896 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : Unknown column 'vehiclemod0_.vehicle_id' in 'field list'


Answer 1

在这里找到了解决方案:https://www.baeldung.com/jpa-many-to-many

因为这是一个多对多关系，所以我一直在看它有点不对劲。我的想法是转到“中间”表并选择 userId = :id 的所有 vehicle_id 并从 vehicle_ids 列表中获取每辆车的详细信息。

这是有效的正确实现:

@Entity(name = "user")
public class User {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private boolean isActive;

@OneToMany(mappedBy = "user")
private Set<UserVehicle> userVehicles;

@Entity(name = "user_vehicle")
public class UserVehicle {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private long id;
private boolean isActive;

@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name = "vehicle_id")
private Vehicle vehicle;

@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name = "user_id")
private User user;


@Entity(name = "vehicle_model")
public class Vehicle {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
private Long manufacturerId;
private String title;
private int ccm;
private int kw;
private int yearOfManufacture;
private int engineTypeId;
private boolean isActive;

@OneToMany(mappedBy = "vehicle")
private Set<UserVehicle> userVehicles;

最后，在存储库接口(interface)中，我有一个这样的方法:

public interface UserVehicleRepository extends CrudRepository<UserVehicle, Long> {

Iterable<UserVehicle> findVehicleModelsByUserId(Long userId);

输出如下:

[
    {
        "id": 2,
        "vehicle": {
            "id": 2,
            "manufacturerId": 1,
            "title": "Fazer FZ1S",
            "ccm": 998,
            "kw": 110,
            "yearOfManufacture": 2008,
            "engineTypeId": 1,
            "active": true
        },
        "user": {
            "id": 2,
            "username": "sfajkovic",
            "password": "33",
            "firstName": "Ivan",
            "lastName": "Fajkovic",
            "active": true
        },
        "active": true
    }
]

问题不在于我真的不希望结果中出现用户对象，所以现在我需要弄清楚那个。之后，我将尝试映射 VehicleManufacturer 类以在相同的响应中获得这些结果。