python - python中变量的调用

Question

您好，我需要调用函数中的变量，该函数在另一个函数中声明和定义它。有人能帮帮我吗。

import sys
import os
import tkMessageBox
from Tkinter import *
from tkCommonDialog import Dialog
import shutil
import tkFileDialog
import win32com.client

win = Tk()
win.title("Copying the Directory to specified location")
win.geometry("600x600+200+50")
win.resizable()
global src
global des
class Copy():
    #global src
    #global des
    def __init__(self):
        def srce():
            src = tkFileDialog.askdirectory(title = "The source folder is ")
            textboxsrc.delete(0,END)
            textboxsrc.insert(0,src)
            print src
            return src

        textboxsrc = Entry(win, width="70")
        textboxsrc.insert(0,'Enter master file name')
        textboxsrc.pack()
        textboxsrc.place(relx=0.40, rely=0.06, anchor=CENTER)
        bu = Button(text = "Source",font = "Verdana 12 italic bold",bg = "Purple",fg= "white", command= srce)
        bu.pack(fill =X, expand=YES)
        bu.place(relx=0.85, rely=0.06, anchor=CENTER)

        def dest():
            des = tkFileDialog.askdirectory(title = "TheDestination folder is ")
            textboxdes.delete(0,END)
            textboxdes.insert(0,des)
            print des
            return des

        textboxdes = Entry(win, width="70")
        textboxdes.insert(0,'Enter master file name')
        textboxdes.pack()
        textboxdes.place(relx=0.40, rely=0.13, anchor=CENTER)
        bu1 = Button(text = "Destination",font = "Verdana 12 italic",bg = "Purple",fg= "white", command= dest)
        bu1.pack(fill =X, expand=YES)
        bu1.place(relx=0.85, rely=0.13, anchor=CENTER)

        def start():
            #global src
            #global des
            #abc = os.path.dirname(src)
            #dgh = os.path.dirname(des)
            try:
                shutil.copy(src,des)
            except :
                tkMessageBox.showwarning("Copying file",  "Error while copying\n(%s)" )

        bn =Button(text = "Copy",font = "Verdana 12 italic", bg = "Purple",fg= "white",command=start)
        bn.pack(fill =X, expand = YES)
        bn.place(relx=0.50, rely=0.25, anchor=CENTER)

obj= Copy()
#obj.source(win)
#obj.destination(win)
win.mainloop()

在这里，我在 start() 函数中遇到错误。给我接受 src 和 des 变量的问题。

Answer 1

我更新了您的代码(并在阅读您的反馈后进行了必要的更正)以使用类变量/属性并修复了您的错误消息，请查看。请注意，使用类变量意味着您只能将此类作为单例使用，一次只能使用这些类中的一个，因为每个实例都会使用相同的 Copy.src、Copy.des、 Copy.textboxsrc 和 Copy.textboxdsc 变量。

import sys
import os
import tkMessageBox
from Tkinter import *
from tkCommonDialog import Dialog
import shutil
import tkFileDialog
import win32com.client

win = Tk()
win.title("Copying the Directory to specified location")
win.geometry("600x600+200+50")
win.resizable()

# force "new" Python class by inheriting from "object"
class Copy(object):

    # use class attributes for shared variables
    src = None
    des = None
    textboxsrc = None
    textboxdes = None

    def srce():
        # access the class attributes via "Copy." syntax
        Copy.src = tkFileDialog.askdirectory(title = "The source folder is ")
        Copy.textboxsrc.delete(0,END)
        Copy.textboxsrc.insert(0,Copy.src)
        print Copy.src
        return Copy.src

    textboxsrc = Entry(win, width="70")
    textboxsrc.insert(0,'Enter master file name')
    textboxsrc.pack()
    textboxsrc.place(relx=0.40, rely=0.06, anchor=CENTER)
    bu = Button(text = "Source",font = "Verdana 12 italic bold",bg = "Purple",fg= "white", command= srce)
    bu.pack(fill =X, expand=YES)
    bu.place(relx=0.85, rely=0.06, anchor=CENTER)

    def dest():
        # access the class attributes via "Copy." syntax
        Copy.des = tkFileDialog.askdirectory(title = "TheDestination folder is ")
        Copy.textboxdes.delete(0,END)
        Copy.textboxdes.insert(0,Copy.des)
        print Copy.des
        return Copy.des

    textboxdes = Entry(win, width="70")
    textboxdes.insert(0,'Enter master file name')
    textboxdes.pack()
    textboxdes.place(relx=0.40, rely=0.13, anchor=CENTER)
    bu1 = Button(text = "Destination",font = "Verdana 12 italic",bg = "Purple",fg= "white", command= dest)
    bu1.pack(fill =X, expand=YES)
    bu1.place(relx=0.85, rely=0.13, anchor=CENTER)

    def start():
        # access the class attributes via "Copy." syntax
        print "copy src(%s) to des(%s)" % (Copy.src,Copy.des)
        try:
            shutil.copy(Copy.src,Copy.des)
        except:
            tkMessageBox.showwarning("Copying file",  "Error while copying\n(%s) to (%s)\n%s\n%s"
            % (Copy.src,Copy.des, sys.exc_info()[0], sys.exc_info()[1]) )


    bn =Button(text = "Copy",font = "Verdana 12 italic", bg = "Purple",fg= "white",command=start)
    bn.pack(fill =X, expand = YES)
    bn.place(relx=0.50, rely=0.25, anchor=CENTER)

obj= Copy()
win.mainloop()