python - python中的这个ssl错误是什么意思？

Question

我有以下简单的 python 代码，旨在执行 ssl 握手并验证客户端和服务器之间的证书:

ssl_test.py:

import ssl
import socket

s = socket.socket()
print "connecting..."
#logging.debug("Connecting")
# Connect with SSL mutual authentication
# We only trust our server's CA, and it only trusts user certificates signed by it
c = ssl.wrap_socket(s, cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED,
                    ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv3, ca_certs='ca.crt',
                    certfile='user.crt', keyfile='user.key')
c.connect((constants.server_addr, constants.port))

执行此操作时，出现以下错误。

>python ssl_test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "ssl_test.py", line 12, in <module>
    c.connect(('192.168.1.82', 7070))
  File "C:\Python27\lib\ssl.py", line 331, in connect
    self._real_connect(addr, False)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\ssl.py", line 314, in _real_connect
    self.ca_certs, self.ciphers)
ssl.SSLError: [Errno 0] _ssl.c:340: error:00000000:lib(0):func(0):reason(0)

这个错误是什么意思，我该如何解决？

Answer 1

这看起来像 http://bugs.python.org/issue2687 ，其中给出了以下答案:

No, the problem is with your "ca_certs" argument on the client side. You can't use a directory. You must use a file containing a number of concatenated certificates. I'll beef up the documentation to make that clearer.

我看到您的 ca_certs 是一个文件，而不是一个目录，但也许这仍然能说明一些问题。 ca.crt 文件的格式是否正确且位置正确？