python - Django ImportError : No module named tango_with_django_project. 设置

Question

在 Tango With Django 教程的第 5 章接近尾声时，我创建了一个脚本，用于使用名为的测试数据填充 SQLite 数据库:
~/Workspace/wad2/tango_with_django_project/populate_rango.py
报错后，我尝试直接从书上复制粘贴脚本，仍然报错如下:

H:\Workspace\wad2\tango_with_django_project>python populate_rango.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "populate_rango.py", line 7, in <module>
    django.setup()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 22, in setup
    configure_logging(settings.LOGGING_CONFIG, settings.LOGGING)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 53, in __ge
tattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 41, in _set
up
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 97, in __in
it__
    mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
    __import__(name)
ImportError: No module named tango_with_django_project.settings

populate_rango.py

import os

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE',
                      'tango_with_django_project.settings')

import django
django.setup()
from rango.models import Category, Page

def populate():

    python_pages = [
        {"title": "Official Python Tutorial",
         "url":"http://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/"},
        {"title":"How to Think like a Computer Scientist",
         "url":"http://www.greenteapress.com/thinkpython/"},
        {"title":"Learn Python in 10 Minutes",
         "url":"http://www.korokithakis.net/tutorials/python/"} ]

    django_pages = [
        {"title":"Official Django Tutorial",
         "url":"https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/intro/tutorial01/"},
        {"title":"Django Rocks",
         "url":"http://www.djangorocks.com/"},
        {"title":"How to Tango with Django",
         "url":"http://www.tangowithdjango.com/"} ]

    other_pages = [
        {"title":"Bottle",
         "url":"http://bottlepy.org/docs/dev/"},
        {"title":"Flask",
         "url":"http://flask.pocoo.org"} ]

    cats = {"Python": {"pages": python_pages},
            "Django": {"pages": django_pages},
            "Other Frameworks": {"pages": other_pages} }

    for cat, cat_data in cats.items():
        c = add_cat(cat)
        for p in cat_data["pages"]:
            add_page(c, p["title"], p["url"])

    # Print out the categories we have added.
    for c in Category.objects.all():
        for p in Page.objects.filter(category=c):
            print("- {0} - {1}".format(str(c), str(p)))

def add_page(cat, title, url, views=0):
    p = Page.objects.get_or_create(category=cat, title=title)[0]
    p.url=url
    p.views=views
    p.save()
    return p

def add_cat(name):
    c = Category.objects.get_or_create(name=name)[0]
    c.save()
    return c

# Start execution here!
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("Starting Rango population script...")
    populate()

模型.py

from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.db import models

class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True)
    views = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    likes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = 'Categories'

    def __str__(self): 
        return self.name

class Page(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=128)
    url = models.URLField()
    views = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self): 
        return self.title

settings.py(相关代码)

import os

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
TEMPLATE_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'tango_with_django_project', 'templates')
STATIC_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'tango_with_django_project', 'static')
MEDIA_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'tango_with_django_project', 'media')

地点

~/Workspace/wad2/manage.py  
~/Workspace/wad2/tango_with_django_project/populate_rango.py  
~/Workspace/wad2/tango_with_django_project/settings.py  

有谁知道这些错误的可能原因是什么？这似乎是文件夹名称错误的常见原因，但我的脚本位于 tango_with_django_project 文件夹中，该文件夹已在我的 os.environ.setdefault 行中指定。如果任何其他文件有用，我可以添加它们。

Answer 1

为了让您的 Django 项目将设置加载为 tango_with_django_project.settings，wad2 需要位于 Python 路径上。

最简单的解决方法是将 populate_rango.py 从 wad2/tango_with_django_project/ 目录向上移动到 wad2。

或者，您可以将父目录添加到 populate_rango.py 中的 python 路径

import sys
sys.path.append('..')

import os
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE',
                      'tango_with_django_project.settings')