python - 过滤掉不在组件列表中的描述

Question

我有 2 个列表，一个有很多组件，另一个有组件及其描述。我需要找到一种方法来过滤掉所有无用的信息，同时保持描述列表的顺序与组件列表的顺序相同。

我曾尝试使用列表理解，但这并没有给我预期的结果。

lst = [] 
for i in range (len(components)):
   lst.append([x for x in description if components[i] in x])

这是两个变量的简短版本；

components = ['INVALID' , 'R100' , 'R101' , 'C100' , 'R100' , 'R100']
description = [
'  30_F "30_F";',
'  POWER_IN1 Supply   2 At     5 Volts, 0.8 Amps;',
'  R100       OPEN PN"10057609" "RES S 5mOhm 1% 2512_H6_1(T)";',
'  R101          100     5     5 f PN"66151002538" "CH-WID_ 100R -5-RR 0603 (B)";',
'  C100          100n    10    10 f PN"10210616" "CFCAP X7R S 100nF 50V (T)";',
'  R100       OPEN PN"10057609" "RES S 5mOhm 1% 2512_H6_1(T)";',
'  R100       CLOSED PN"10057609" "RES S 5mOhm 1% 2512_H6_1 (T)"      VERSION 12046547;']

我期望的输出是；

'  INVALID    No description'
'  R100       OPEN PN"10057609" "RES S 5mOhm 1% 2512_H6_1(T)";'
'  R101       100     5     5 f PN"66151002538" "CH-WID_ 100R -5-RR 0603 (B)";'
'  C100       100n    10    10 f PN"10210616" "CFCAP X7R S 100nF 50V (T)";'
'  R100       OPEN PN"10057609" "RES S 5mOhm 1% 2512_H6_1(T)";'
'  R100       CLOSED PN"10057609" "RES S 5mOhm 1% 2512_H6_1 (T)"      VERSION 12046547;

Answer 1

利用str.startswith函数，辅助seen positions序列和Python的for/else特性:

import pprint

...  # your input data variables

seen_pos = []
res = []
for comp in components:
    for i, desc in enumerate(description):
        if i not in seen_pos and desc.strip().startswith(comp):
            seen_pos.append(i)
            res.append('{:<10}{}'.format(comp, desc.strip().replace(comp, '', 1).strip()))
            break
    else:
        res.append('{:<10}{}'.format(comp, 'No description'))

pprint.pprint(res, width=100)

输出:

['INVALID   No description',
 'R100      OPEN PN"10057609" "RES S 5mOhm 1% 2512_H6_1(T)";',
 'R101      100     5     5 f PN"66151002538" "CH-WID_ 100R -5-RR 0603 (B)";',
 'C100      100n    10    10 f PN"10210616" "CFCAP X7R S 100nF 50V (T)";',
 'R100      OPEN PN"10057609" "RES S 5mOhm 1% 2512_H6_1(T)";',
 'R100      CLOSED PN"10057609" "RES S 5mOhm 1% 2512_H6_1 (T)"      VERSION 12046547;']