python - kivy官方乒乓教程: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'center'

Question

我正在尝试通过 this tutorial 学习 Kivy .我已将“这是此步骤的完整代码:”之后的代码复制粘贴到 main.py 和 main.kv 中，如所述。尝试运行时，我得到:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 47, in <module>
   PongApp().run()
  File "/home/kivy/code/kivy/kivy/app.py", line 527, in run
   root = self.build()
  File "main.py", line 41, in build
   game.serve_ball()
  File "main.py", line 23, in serve_ball
   self.ball.center = self.center
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'center'

我做错了什么？

主.kv:

#:kivy 1.0.9

<PongBall>:
    size: 50, 50 
    canvas:
        Ellipse:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size          

<PongGame>:
    ball: pong_ball

    canvas:
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.center_x-5, 0
            size: 10, self.height

    Label:
        font_size: 70  
        center_x: root.width / 4
        top: root.top - 50
        text: "0"

    Label:
        font_size: 70  
        center_x: root.width * 3 / 4
        top: root.top - 50
        text: "0"

    PongBall:
        id: pong_ball
        center: self.parent.center

主要.py:

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.properties import NumericProperty, ReferenceListProperty,\
    ObjectProperty
from kivy.vector import Vector
from kivy.clock import Clock
from random import randint


class PongBall(Widget):
    velocity_x = NumericProperty(0)
    velocity_y = NumericProperty(0)
    velocity = ReferenceListProperty(velocity_x, velocity_y)

    def move(self):
        self.pos = Vector(*self.velocity) + self.pos


class PongGame(Widget):
    ball = ObjectProperty(None)

    def serve_ball(self):
        self.ball.center = self.center
        self.ball.velocity = Vector(4, 0).rotate(randint(0, 360))

    def update(self, dt):
        self.ball.move()

        #bounce off top and bottom
        if (self.ball.y < 0) or (self.ball.top > self.height):
            self.ball.velocity_y *= -1

        #bounce off left and right
        if (self.ball.x < 0) or (self.ball.right > self.width):
            self.ball.velocity_x *= -1


class PongApp(App):
    def build(self):
        game = PongGame()
        game.serve_ball()
        Clock.schedule_interval(game.update, 1.0 / 60.0)
        return game


if __name__ == '__main__':
    PongApp().run()

Answer 1

您的 KV 文件名称有误。它应该是“pong.kv”。如果 KV 文件的名称与您的应用程序的名称(减去应用程序)相匹配，那么它将被自动使用。

您将您的 KV 文件命名为“main.kv”，它与您的应用程序名称“PongApp”不匹配，因此魔法没有发生。您可以使用 Builder.load_file() 手动加载 KV 文件。如果您回头看教程，您会发现它要求您将 KV 文件命名为“pong.kv”。