c - 在cygwin中编译linux C程序时遇到问题

Question

我正在尝试在 Cygwin 中为 linux 编译一个名为 minimodem 的程序，因为我希望能够在 Windows 中运行它。这是一个简单的命令行程序，我安装了 Cygwin，基本上包含了编译它所需的所有库。

一些库是:所有的音频、视频、数学、编译、开发、api，以及系统和基础都安装了。

我遇到的第一个问题是 ./configure。从github中项目的源代码来看，没有配置文件或文件夹。我决定放弃它，而是直接使用 make 并引用文件夹中的所有文件。

首先发生的是这个错误:

minimodem.c: In function ‘main’: minimodem.c:556:4: error: #error At least one of {USE_PULSEAUDIO,USE_ALSA,USE_SNDFILE} must be enabled! # error At least one of {USE_PULSEAUDIO,USE_ALSA,USE_SNDFILE} must be enabled! ^~~~~

所以我进入代码并删除了检查音频驱动程序的部分(即使 Cygwin 具有所有可用的音频库)，然后我再次尝试:

gcc -o minimodem.c

然后编译器走得更远了一点然后给出了这个错误:

/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `fsk_transmit_frame':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:95: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:95:(.text+0xb9): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:106: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:106:(.text+0xf2): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `simpleaudio_tone'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `tx_stop_transmit_sighandler':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:65: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:65:(.text+0x27f): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:68: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:68:(.text+0x2ec): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `simpleaudio_tone'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `generate_test_tones':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:295: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_get_rate'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:295:(.text+0x59d): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `simpleaudio_get_rate'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:299: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:299:(.text+0x5dd): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:300: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:300:(.text+0x5eb): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `simpleaudio_tone'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `fsk_transmit_frame':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:109: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:109:(.text+0x170): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `simpleaudio_tone'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `main':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:751: undefined reference to `databits_decode_ascii8'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:751:(.text.startup+0xa6): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `databits_decode_ascii8'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:751: undefined reference to `databits_encode_ascii8'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:751:(.text.startup+0xc6): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `databits_encode_ascii8'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `benchmarks':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:324: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone_init'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:324:(.text.startup+0x2b3): additional relocation overflows omitted from the output
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:326: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_open_stream'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:332: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_close'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:334: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_open_stream'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:340: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_close'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:344: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone_init'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:346: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_open_stream'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:352: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_close'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:354: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_open_stream'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:360: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_close'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `main':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:665: undefined reference to `databits_decode_baudot'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:666: undefined reference to `baudot_encode'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:797: undefined reference to `databits_decode_baudot'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:798: undefined reference to `baudot_encode'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:864: undefined reference to `databits_decode_binary'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:945: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone_init'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:954: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_open_stream'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `fsk_transmit_stdin':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:130: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_get_rate'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `main':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:975: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_close'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:805: undefined reference to `databits_decode_baudot'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:806: undefined reference to `baudot_encode'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:988: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_open_stream'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:995: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_get_rate'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:1011: undefined reference to `fsk_plan_new'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:1232: undefined reference to `fsk_find_frame'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:1443: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_close'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:1445: undefined reference to `fsk_plan_destroy'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:833: undefined reference to `databits_decode_callerid'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:998: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_set_rxnoise'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `fsk_transmit_stdin':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:211: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:233: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_tone'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o: In function `main':
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:1132: undefined reference to `simpleaudio_read'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:1340: undefined reference to `fsk_find_frame'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:1155: undefined reference to `fsk_detect_carrier'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:1186: undefined reference to `fsk_set_tones_by_bandshift'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:845: undefined reference to `databits_decode_uic_ground'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:833: undefined reference to `databits_decode_callerid'
/home/8bit_coder/minimodem-master/src/minimodem.c:843: undefined reference to `databits_decode_uic_train'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o:minimodem.c:(.rdata$.refptr.databits_decode_binary[.refptr.databits_decode_binary]+0x0): undefined reference to `databits_decode_binary'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o:minimodem.c:(.rdata$.refptr.databits_decode_uic_train[.refptr.databits_decode_uic_train]+0x0): undefined reference to `databits_decode_uic_train'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o:minimodem.c:(.rdata$.refptr.databits_decode_uic_ground[.refptr.databits_decode_uic_ground]+0x0): undefined reference to `databits_decode_uic_ground'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o:minimodem.c:(.rdata$.refptr.databits_decode_callerid[.refptr.databits_decode_callerid]+0x0): undefined reference to `databits_decode_callerid'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o:minimodem.c:(.rdata$.refptr.databits_encode_ascii8[.refptr.databits_encode_ascii8]+0x0): undefined reference to `databits_encode_ascii8'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o:minimodem.c:(.rdata$.refptr.databits_decode_ascii8[.refptr.databits_decode_ascii8]+0x0): undefined reference to `databits_decode_ascii8'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o:minimodem.c:(.rdata$.refptr.baudot_encode[.refptr.baudot_encode]+0x0): undefined reference to `baudot_encode'
/tmp/cc5sSG5R.o:minimodem.c:(.rdata$.refptr.databits_decode_baudot[.refptr.databits_decode_baudot]+0x0): undefined reference to `databits_decode_baudot'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

然后我想也许我需要列出每个文件:

gcc -o baudot.c baudot.h databits.h databits_ascii.c databits_baudot.c databits_binary.c databits_callerid.c databits_uic.c fsk.c fsk.h minimodem.c simpleaudio.c simpleaudio.h simpleaudio_internal.h simpleaudio-alsa.c simpleaudio-benchmark.c simpleaudio-pulse.c simpleaudio-sndfile.c simple-tone-generator.c uic_codes.c uic_codes.h

但这带来了很多不同的错误:

/tmp/ccmwpyzy.o:databits_baudot.c:(.text+0x1f): undefined reference to `baudot_reset'
/tmp/ccmwpyzy.o:databits_baudot.c:(.text+0x1f): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `baudot_reset'
/tmp/ccmwpyzy.o:databits_baudot.c:(.text+0x3d): undefined reference to `baudot_decode'
/tmp/ccmwpyzy.o:databits_baudot.c:(.text+0x3d): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `baudot_decode'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x1b8): undefined reference to `fftwf_malloc'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x1b8): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `fftwf_malloc'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x208): undefined reference to `fftwf_malloc'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x208): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `fftwf_malloc'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x281): undefined reference to `fftwf_plan_many_dft_r2c'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x281): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `fftwf_plan_many_dft_r2c'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x2cc): undefined reference to `fftwf_free'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x2cc): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `fftwf_free'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x2dc): undefined reference to `fftwf_free'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x2dc): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `fftwf_free'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x323): undefined reference to `fftwf_free'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x323): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `fftwf_free'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x333): undefined reference to `fftwf_free'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x333): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `fftwf_free'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x343): undefined reference to `fftwf_destroy_plan'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x343): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `fftwf_destroy_plan'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x454): undefined reference to `fftwf_execute'
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0x454): additional relocation overflows omitted from the output
/tmp/cc6Uh66Z.o:fsk.c:(.text+0xda7): undefined reference to `fftwf_execute'
/tmp/ccmR4Dzs.o:minimodem.c:(.rdata$.refptr.baudot_encode[.refptr.baudot_encode]+0x0): undefined reference to `baudot_encode'
/tmp/ccBHdt9j.o:simpleaudio.c:(.rdata$.refptr.simpleaudio_backend_alsa[.refptr.simpleaudio_backend_alsa]+0x0): undefined reference to `simpleaudio_backend_alsa'
/tmp/ccBHdt9j.o:simpleaudio.c:(.rdata$.refptr.simpleaudio_backend_pulseaudio[.refptr.simpleaudio_backend_pulseaudio]+0x0): undefined reference to `simpleaudio_backend_pulseaudio'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

此时我不知道该怎么做，因为它可以很好地编译并在 Linux 上运行，但是使用 Cygwin 在 Windows 上编译它就可以了。如果有人知道我做错了什么或如何修复命令或文件以使其正常工作，谢谢。

Answer 1

正如@Sami Kuhmonen 在对您的问题的评论中所述:

Not all code can be compiled on different systems. If the code requires a specific audio system, it might not be available

在这种情况下，它尝试使用但失败的三个库:

• PulseAudio : 用于 POSIX 操作系统的声音系统(不是 Windows，但是:已经在 Windows 2000 和 Windows XP 上测试过)所以我认为 Windows 支持充其量是非常有限的
• ALSA : 它的名称中声明了 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture(可能不是 Windows，对吗？)这是 Linux 特定代码，用于与 Linux 平台上的声卡驱动程序进行通信。
• libsndfile : 它在网站上说它已经为 Win32 和 Win64 操作系统预编译了二进制文件，但它看起来不像最初是为 Windows 设计的

总而言之，像这样的音频代码可能试图与专为基于 Linux 的系统设计的特定驱动程序通信 (Linux vs Windows Audio in 2017)。尽管 C 可以跨不同的操作系统移植，但在您编译程序所用的库中编写的代码很可能不是。

我很确定您必须编辑(移植)源代码才能在脑海中处理更多相关的 Windows 音频编程。

注意:

感谢@matzeri 的评论，Cygwin 上实际上有一个libsndfile 包。查看link here .