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python - 如何为特定模型实例设置添加、删除、更新和查看权限?

转载 作者:太空宇宙 更新时间:2023-11-04 06:28:26 24 4
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我是 Python 和 Django 的新手,正在开发 Django 应用程序,我有一个要求,我必须在我的 Django 中管理模型实例 Foo 的权限。还有其他模型实例可用,但权限仅适用于 foo。

我已经在我的 FooAdmin 类中覆盖了 has_add_permissionhas_delete_permission,但似乎没有任何效果。

要求:

  1. 添加Foo对象:用户必须是 super 管理员
  2. 删除Foo对象:用户必须是 super 管理员
  3. 编辑现有的 Foo 对象:用户必须属于 ldap 组“foo-edit”。如果用户属于这个组,那么他/她只能编辑一个字段(建筑物)(尚未实现)
  4. 查看 Foo:如果用户属于 ldap 组“foo-access”,则该用户只有查看权限。 (待调查)
  5. 如果要添加、更新、删除或修改任何其他模型实例,则规则 1 到 4 不适用。

我的实现:

class FooAdmin(ModelAdmin):
...
...
...
def has_add_permission(self, request):
permissions = self.opts.app_label + '.' + self.opts.get_add_permission()
# Other objects are fine.
user = request.user
if (user.has_perm('survey.add_foo') and user.is_authenticated
and user.is_superuser):
return True
return False

def has_delete_permission(self, request, obj=None):
permissions = self.opts.app_label + '.' + self.opts.get_delete_permission()
user = request.user
if (user.has_perm('survey.delete_foo') and user.is_authenticated
and user.is_superuser):
return True
return False

问题:

  1. 我可以创建另一个 Bar 类型的实例,但不能删除我刚刚创建的实例。这不是 FooBar 类型实例的问题。 BarAdmin 实现没有任何代码来管理权限,就像 FooBarAdmin 实现一样。

    有没有办法解决这个问题并使 Bar 和 FooBar 再次可删除?

  2. 如何实现要求的#3 和 4?我可以覆盖 has_change_permission 方法来确定此人是否具有更改权限。如何仅授予用户对一个字段的编辑权限。

    Django 似乎不支持仅查看权限。我可以创建 has_view_permission(self, request) 和 get_model_perms(self, request) 等地方?但是我不确定如何实现它。我一直在寻找 Django source code但想不出任何东西。

最佳答案

经过一些谷歌搜索和随机黑客攻击后,我想出了一个解决方案。我不知道回答您问题的协议(protocol)是什么。

  1. 创建一个中间件实现 (threadlocals.py),将用户信息存储在线程本地对象中。

    try:
    from threading import local
    except ImportError:
    from django.utils._threading_local import local

    _thread_locals = local()
    def get_current_user():
    return getattr(_thread_locals, 'user', None)

    class ThreadLocals(object):
    """Middleware that gets various objects from the request object and
    saves them in thread local storage."""

    def process_request(self, request):
    _thread_locals.user = getattr(request, 'user', None)
  2. 创建一个将检查权限的授权实用程序模块。

    import ldap  
    from django.contrib.auth.models import User
    from myapp.middleware import threadlocals

    def can_edit():
    user_obj = threadlocals.get_current_user()
    if user_obj and (is_superadmin(user_obj.username) or \
    is_part_of_group(user_obj.username, 'foo-edit')):
    return True
    return False

    def can_edit_selectively():
    user = threadlocals.get_current_user()
    if (user and not user.is_superuser and
    is_part_of_group(user.username, 'foo-edit')):
    return True
    return False

    def can_view_only():
    user_obj = threadlocals.get_current_user()
    if (user_obj and not user_obj.is_superuser and
    is_part_of_group(user_obj.username, 'foo-access') and
    not is_part_of_group(user_obj.username, 'foo-edit')):
    return True
    return False

    def has_add_foo_permission():
    user = threadlocals.get_current_user()
    if (user and user.has_perm('survey.add_foo') and user.is_authenticated
    and user.is_superuser):
    return True
    return False

    def has_delete_foo_permission():
    user = threadlocals.get_current_user()
    if (user and user.has_perm('survey.delete_foo') and user.is_authenticated
    and user.is_superuser):
    return True
    return False

    def is_superadmin(logged_in_user):
    admin = False
    try:
    user = User.objects.get(username=logged_in_user)
    if user.is_superuser:
    admin = True
    except User.DoesNotExist:
    pass
    return admin

    def is_part_of_group(user, group):
    try:
    user_obj = User.objects.get(username=user)
    if user_obj.groups.filter(name=group):
    return True
    except User.DoesNotExist:
    pass
    conn = ldap.open("ldap.corp.mycompany.com")
    conn.simple_bind_s('', '')
    base = "ou=Groups,dc=mycompany,dc=com"
    scope = ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE
    filterstr = "cn=%s" % group
    retrieve_attributes = None
    try:
    ldap_result_id = conn.search_s(base, scope, filterstr, retrieve_attributes)
    if ldap_result_id:
    results = ldap_result_id[0][1]
    return user in results['memberUid']
    except ldap.LDAPError:
    pass
    return False
  3. 设置管理员。在操作中,评估权限。此外,如果用户没有删除权限,则“删除 Foo”操作不可用。

    class FooAdmin(ModelAdmin):

    ...

    def get_actions(self, request):
    actions = super(FooAdmin, self).get_actions(request)
    delete_permission = self.has_delete_permission(request)
    if actions and not delete_permission:
    del actions['delete_selected']
    return actions

    def has_add_permission(self, request):
    return auth_utils.has_add_foo_permission()

    def has_delete_permission(self, request, obj=None):
    return auth_utils.has_delete_foo_permission()

    ....
  4. 修改ModelForm实现中的init函数

     class FooForm(ModelForm):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    self.can_view_only = (auth_utils.can_view_only() and
    not auth_utils.can_edit_selectively())
    self.can_edit_selectively = (auth_utils.can_edit_selectively() or
    auth_utils.can_view_only())
    if self.can_edit_selectively:
    ... Set the widget attributes to read only.

    # If the user has view only rights, then disable edit rights for building id.
    if self.can_view_only:
    self.fields['buildingid'].widget = forms.widgets.TextInput()
    self.fields['buildingid'].widget.attrs['readonly'] = True
    elif (auth_utils.can_edit() or auth_utils.can_edit_selectively()):
    self.fields['buildingid'].widget=forms.Select(choices=
    utils.get_table_values('building'))
  5. 我还必须禁用修改提交行的操作。

    def submit_edit_selected_row(context):
    opts = context['opts']
    change = context['change']
    is_popup = context['is_popup']
    save_as = context['save_as']
    if opts.object_name.lower() != 'foo':
    has_delete = (not is_popup and context['has_delete_permission']
    and (change or context['show_delete']))
    has_save_as_new = not is_popup and change and save_as
    has_save_and_add_another = (context['has_add_permission'] and
    not is_popup and (not save_as or context['add']))
    has_save_and_continue = (context['has_add_permission'] and
    not is_popup and (not save_as or context['add']))
    has_save = True
    else:
    has_delete = auth_utils.has_delete_pop_permission()
    has_save_as_new = auth_utils.has_add_pop_permission()
    has_save_and_add_another = auth_utils.has_add_pop_permission()
    has_save_and_continue = (auth_utils.can_edit() or
    auth_utils.can_edit_selectively())
    has_save = auth_utils.can_edit() or auth_utils.can_edit_selectively()
    return {
    'onclick_attrib': (opts.get_ordered_objects() and change
    and 'onclick="submitOrderForm();"' or ''),
    'show_delete_link': has_delete,
    'show_save_as_as_new': has_save_as_new,
    'show_save_and_add_another': has_save_and_add_another,
    'show_save_and_continue': has_save_and_continue,
    'is_popup': is_popup,
    'show_save': has_save
    }
    register.inclusion_tag('admin/submit_line.html', takes_context=True) (submit_edit_selected_row)
  6. 我不得不修改扩展管理模板。其余保持不变。

    {% if save_on_top %} {% submit_edit_selected_row %} {% endif}

关于python - 如何为特定模型实例设置添加、删除、更新和查看权限?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5723199/

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