Python: 'NoneType' 对象没有属性 'get_username'

Question

我正在开发一个也有用户帐户对象的刽子手程序。玩家可以登录、创建新帐户或查看帐户详细信息，所有这些都可以在玩游戏之前正常工作。游戏结束后，更新用户的输赢。在退出程序之前，如果我尝试查看帐户(viewAcc 函数)，我会收到错误消息:

'NoneType' object has no attribute 'get_username'.

当我再次运行程序时，我可以登录账户，但是当我查看账户信息时，输赢没有更新。任何帮助将不胜感激，我必须在大约 8 小时内将其上课。

类代码如下:

class Account:
    def __init__(self, username, password, name, email, win, loss):
        self.__username = username
        self.__password = password
        self.__name = name
        self.__email = email
        self.__win = int(win)
        self.__loss = int(loss)

    def set_username (self, username):
        self.__username = username

    def set_password (self, password):
        self.__password = password

    def set_name (self, name):
        self.__name = name

    def set_email (self, email):
        self.__email = email

    def set_win (self, win):
        self.__win = win

    def set_loss (self, loss):
        self.__loss = loss

    def get_username (self):
        return self.__username

    def get_password (self):
        return self.__password

    def get_name (self):
        return self.__name

    def get_email (self):
        return self.__email

    def get_win (self):
        return self.__win

    def get_loss (self):
        return self.__loss

这是我的程序代码:

import random
import os
import Account
import pickle
import sys
#List of images for different for different stages of being hanged
STAGES = [
'''
      ___________
     |/         |
     |          |
     |         
     |         
     |          
     |         
     |
     |
     |
_____|______
'''
,
'''
      ___________
     |/         |
     |          |
     |        (o_o)
     |         
     |          
     |         
     |
     |
     |
_____|______
'''
,
'''
      ___________
     |/         |
     |          |
     |        (o_o)
     |          | 
     |          |
     |         
     |
     |
     |
_____|______
'''
,
'''
      ___________
     |/         |
     |          |
     |        (o_o)
     |          |/ 
     |          |
     |          
     |
     |
     |
_____|______
'''
,
'''
      ___________
     |/         |
     |          |
     |        (o_o)
     |         \|/ 
     |          |
     |           
     |
     |
     |
_____|______
'''
,
'''
      ___________
     |/         |
     |          |
     |        (o_o)
     |         \|/ 
     |          |
     |         / 
     |
     |
     |
_____|______
'''
,
'''
    YOU DEAD!!!
      ___________
     |/         |
     |          |
     |        (X_X)
     |         \|/ 
     |          |
     |         / \ 
     |
     |
     |
_____|______
'''
]

#used to validate user input
ALPHABET = ['abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz']

#Declares lists of different sized words
fourWords = ['ties', 'shoe', 'wall', 'dime', 'pens', 'lips', 'toys', 'from', 'your', 'will', 'have', 'long', 'clam', 'crow', 'duck', 'dove', 'fish', 'gull', 'fowl', 'frog', 'hare', 'hair', 'hawk', 'deer', 'bull', 'bird', 'bear', 'bass', 'foal', 'moth', 'back', 'baby']
fiveWords = ['jazzy', 'faker', 'alien', 'aline', 'allot', 'alias', 'alert', 'intro', 'inlet', 'erase', 'error', 'onion', 'least', 'liner', 'linen', 'lions', 'loose', 'loner', 'lists', 'nasal', 'lunar', 'louse', 'oasis', 'nurse', 'notes', 'noose', 'otter', 'reset', 'rerun', 'ratio', 'resin', 'reuse', 'retro', 'rinse', 'roast', 'roots', 'saint', 'salad', 'ruins']
sixwords =  ['baboon', 'python',]


def main():
    #Gets menu choice from user
    choice = menu()

    #Initializes dictionary of user accounts from file
    accDct = loadAcc()

    #initializes user's account
    user = Account.Account("", "", "", "", 0, 0)

    while choice != 0:
        if choice == 1:
           user = play(user)
        if choice == 2:
            createAcc(accDct)
        if choice == 3:
           user = logIn(accDct)
        if choice == 4:
            viewAcc(user)
        choice = menu()

    saveAcc(accDct)

#Plays the game
def play(user):

    os.system("cls") #Clears screen
    hangman = 0      #Used as index for stage view
    done = False    #Used to signal when game is finished
    guessed = ['']   #Holds letters already guessed

    #Gets the game word lenght from the user
    difficulty = int(input("Chose Difficulty/Word Length:\n"\
                           "1. Easy: Four Letter Word\n"\
                           "2. Medium: Five Letter Word\n"\
                           "3. Hard: Six Letter Word\n"\
                           "Choice: "))
    #Validates input                 
    while difficulty < 1 or difficulty > 3:
        difficulty = int(input("Invalid menu choice.\n"\
                               "Reenter Choice(1-3): "))

    #Gets a random word from a different list depending on difficulty
    if difficulty == 1:
        word = random.choice(fourWords)
    if difficulty == 2:
        word = random.choice(fiveWords)
    if difficulty == 3:
        word = random.choice(sixWords)

    viewWord = list('_'*len(word))
    letters = list(word)

    while done == False:

        os.system("cls")

        print(STAGES[hangman])
        for i in range(len(word)):
            sys.stdout.write(viewWord[i])
            sys.stdout.write(" ")
        print()
        print("Guessed Letters: ")
        for i in range(len(guessed)):
            sys.stdout.write(guessed[i])
        print()

        guess = str(input("Enter guess: "))
        guess = guess.lower()

        while guess in guessed:
            guess = str(input("Already guessed that letter.\n"\
                              "Enter another guess: "))

        while len(guess) != 1:
            guess = str(input("Guess must be ONE letter.\n"\
                              "Enter another guess: "))

        while guess not in ALPHABET[0]:
            guess = str(input("Guess must be a letter.\n"\
                     "Enter another guess: "))

        if guess not in letters:
            hangman+=1

        for i in range(len(word)):
            if guess in letters[i]:
                viewWord[i] = guess

        guessed += guess

        if '_' not in viewWord:
            print ("Congratulations! You correctly guessed",word)
            done = True

            win = user.get_win()
            win += 1
            username = user.get_username()
            password = user.get_password()
            name = user.get_name()
            email = user.get_email()
            loss = user.get_loss()
            user = Account.Account(username, password, name, email, win, loss)

        if hangman == 6:
            os.system("cls")
            print()
            print(STAGES[hangman])
            print("You couldn't guess the word",word.upper(),"before being hanged.")
            print("Sorry, you lose.")
            done = True

            loss = user.get_loss()
            loss += 1
            username = user.get_username()
            password = user.get_password()
            name = user.get_name()
            email = user.get_email()
            win = user.get_win()
            user = Account.Account(username, password, name, email, win, loss)






#Loads user accounts from file
def loadAcc():
    try:
        iFile = open('userAccounts.txt', 'rb')

        accDct = pickle.load(iFile)

        iFile.close

    except IOError:
        accDct = {}

    return accDct

#Displays the menu        
def menu():
    os.system('cls')
    print("Welcome to Karl-Heinz's Hangman")
    choice = int(input("1. Play Hangman\n"\
                       "2. Create Account\n"\
                       "3. Log In\n"\
                       "4. View Account Details\n"\
                       "0. Quit Program\n"\
                       "Choice: "))
    while choice < 0 or choice > 4:
        choice = int(input("Invalid Menu Choice.\n"\
                           "Reenter Choice: "))

    return choice

#Logs user in to existing account      
def logIn(accDct):
    os.system('cls')
    user = Account.Account("","","","",0,0)
    username = str(input("Enter Username(case sensitive): "))
    if username not in accDct:
        print("Account does not exist")
        os.system("pause")
        return user

    temp = Account.Account("","","","",0,0)
    temp = accDct[username]

    password = str(input("Enter Password(case sensitive): "))
    if password != temp.get_password():
        print("Incorrect password.")
        os.system("pause")
        return user

    user = accDct[username]
    return user


#Creates a new account and a new account file if one doesn't exist
def createAcc(accDct):
    os.system('cls')
    print("Enter account info:")
    username = str(input("UserName: "))

    if username in accDct:
        print("Account already exists.")
        os.system("pause")
        return

    password = str(input("Password: "))
    name = str(input("Name: "))
    email = str(input("Email: "))
    wins = 0
    loss = 0

    tempuser = Account.Account(username, password, name, email, wins, loss)

    accDct[username] = tempuser

    print("Account created.")
    os.system("pause")

def viewAcc(user):
    os.system('cls')



    print("Account Details: ")
    print("Username: ",user.get_username())
    print("Name: ",user.get_name())
    print("Email: ",user.get_email())
    print("Wins: ",user.get_win())
    print("Losses: ",user.get_loss())

    os.system("pause")






#Saves accounts dictionary to file
def saveAcc(accDct):    
    oFile = open("userAccounts.txt", "wb")

    pickle.dump(accDct, oFile)

    oFile.close()


main()

非常感谢任何帮助。

Answer 1

您的 play() 函数没有 return 语句，这意味着它返回 None 作为其返回值。这就是如何将 None 设置到 main() 中的 user 变量中。将 return 语句添加到您的 play() 函数，您应该没问题。