python - 从 python 字典和嵌套字典/列表构建一个 Json 文件

Question

我很难构建一个 json 文件。这应该是这样的:

{'January': 
     [ {'week 1' : 
        [ {'day 1': [{'birthday_name': 'Stack', 'lastname': 'hector'},{'birthday_name': 'Stack', 'lastname': 'hector'},
          {'day 2': [{'birthday_name': 'Vlad', 'lastname': 'Overflow'},{'birthday_name': 'Exchange', 'lastname': 'Other'} ]
        }
      ],
     [ {'week 2' : 
        [ {'day 1': [{'birthday_name': 'Stack', 'lastname': 'hector'},{'birthday_name': 'Stack', 'lastname': 'hector'},
          {'day 2': [{'birthday_name': 'Vlad', 'lastname': 'Overflow'},{'birthday_name': 'Exchange', 'lastname': 'Other'} ]
        }
      ]
 }  

我现在有这段代码，但由于我是在循环发生时构建的，因此有些值尚不存在，例如月、周和日。我正在尝试使用 if 语句来检查字典值是否存在，如果是，则继续沿着树向下并检查是否存在星期和日期，如果是，则对所有三个值进行追加。如果不是针对它们中的每一个，我会在字典/列表中创建值以使其可用于填充数据。

现在我收到错误代码“KeyError”。 (字典中不存在该值)

这是现在的代码。

final_list = {}

for i in friends:
    friends_name = i['SUMMARY'][16:]
    friends_bdate = i['DTSTART']
    month_bday = int(i['DTSTART'][4:6])
    day_bday = int(i['DTSTART'][6:8])
    week_number = datetime.date(2015, month_bday, day_bday).isocalendar()[1]


    if final_list[month_bday]:
        if final_list[month_bday][week_number]:
            if final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday]:
                final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday].append({'name': friends_name, 'bdate': friends_bdate, 'pic' : friends_picture})
            else:
                final_list[month_bday] = [{week_number: [{day_bday: []}]}]
                final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday].append({'name': friends_name, 'bdate': friends_bdate, 'pic' : friends_picture})
        else:
            final_list[month_bday] = [{week_number: []}]
            if final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday] :
                final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday].append({'name': friends_name, 'bdate': friends_bdate, 'pic' : friends_picture})
            else:
                final_list[month_bday] = [{week_number: [{day_bday: []}]}]
                final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday].append({'name': friends_name, 'bdate': friends_bdate, 'pic' : friends_picture})
    else:
        final_list[month_bday] = {month_bday : []}
        if final_list[month_bday][week_number]:
            if final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday]:
                final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday].append({'name': friends_name, 'bdate': friends_bdate, 'pic' : friends_picture})
            else:
                final_list[month_bday] = [{week_number: [{day_bday: []}]}]
                final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday].append({'name': friends_name, 'bdate': friends_bdate, 'pic' : friends_picture})
        else:
            final_list[month_bday] = [{week_number: []}]
            if final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday] :
                final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday].append({'name': friends_name, 'bdate': friends_bdate, 'pic' : friends_picture})
            else:
                final_list[month_bday] = [{week_number: [{day_bday: []}]}]
                final_list[month_bday][week_number][day_bday].append({'name': friends_name, 'bdate': friends_bdate, 'pic' : friends_picture})           

编辑:其他变量是:friends_name = '托尼'friends_bday = '20150516'

感谢丹尼尔的回答，我刚刚更改了这个

final_list = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(lambda: {}))

到

final_list = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(lambda: {})))

链接到 defaultdict 函数。 https://docs.python.org/2/library/collections.html#collections.defaultdict

Answer 1

使用defaultdict和datetime.strptime:

from collections import defaultdict
final_list = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(lambda: {}))

for friend in friends:
    friends_name = friend['SUMMARY'][16:]
    friends_bdate = datetime.datetime.strptime(friend['DTSTART'], '%Y%m%d')
    week_number = friends_bdate.replace(year=2015).isocalendar()[1]
    final_list[friends_bdate.month][week_number][friends_bdate.day] = {
        'name': friends_name, 'bdate': friend['DTSTART'], 'pic' : friends_picture
    }