python - 当程序在循环中时让 Tkinter 按钮做某事

Question

这是一个较长程序的一部分。所有这些方法都在同一个类中。这个程序基本上做的是，只要按下开始按钮，程序就会在 30 秒循环内运行。在这 30 秒内，每次触摸触摸传感器时，鼠标都会进水 2 秒。还有一个“GiveWater”按钮，每次我按下它，鼠标都会喝水。

我使用 tkinter 来创建按钮

但是，该按钮仅在程序不在 30 秒循环内时才有效。即使程序在循环中，“GiveWater”按钮如何工作？

我知道有一些关于多线程的东西，但我是 python 的新手，我真的不知道它是什么或它是如何工作的。

如果有人能用简单的英语解释我如何为这个程序使用多线程或使这个程序工作的替代方法，我将不胜感激。

def createStartButton(self):
    """creates a button to start the program"""
    #Whenever button is pressed the 'touchSensor' method is invoked.
    self.StartButton = Button(self, text = 'Run touch sensor', command = self.touchSensor)        
    self.StartButton.grid()

def createGiveWaterButton(self):
    """creates a button that gives water to mouse whenever pressed"""
    #Whenever button is pressed the 'giveWater' method is invoked.
    self.WaterButton = Button(self, text = 'Give water', command = self.giveWater).        
    self.WaterButton.grid()

def giveWater(self):
    #Every time setOutputState(n, True) the output sends a signal..
    #..allowing the mouse to get water until it's set to False.
    self.myObject.setOutputState(0, True)
    time.sleep(0.1)
    self.myObject.setOutputState(0, False)

def touchSensor(self):
    """controls how the touch sensor runs"""

    time_at_program_start = time.time()

    #Every time setOutputState(n, True) it the output sends..
    #..a signal until it's set to False

    while True:
        self.myObject.setOutputState(0, False)

        #If the sensorValue > 900 (i.e. it's touched) the output is True       
        #(i.e. sends a signal allowing the mouse to drink.)
        if self.myObject.getSensorValue(2) >900:
            self.myObject.setOutputState(0, True)
            #waits 2 seconds
            time.sleep(2)
            #sets OutputState to False so the signal stops.
            self.myObject.setOutputState(0, False)

        #checks if the program already runs for 30 seconds.
        #If it does the loop/program stops.
        if time.time() - time_at_program_start >= 30:
            break

Answer 1

将您的 touchSensor 方法替换为以下两种方法并改用它们:

def touchSensor(self):
    self.after_idle(self.touchSensorLoop, time.time())

def touchSensorLoop(self, time_at_program_start):
    self.myObject.setOutputState(0, False)
    if time.time() - time_at_program_start < 30:
        if self.myObject.getSensorValue(2) > 900:
            self.myObject.setOutputState(0, True)
            self.after(2000, self.touchSensorLoop, time_at_program_start)
        else:
            self.after_idle(self.touchSensorLoop, time_at_program_start)