python - 我可以在 tkinter 中使标签可点击并获得点击标签的值(value)吗？

Question

我希望用户点击数字，然后数字应该改变颜色，我应该能够捕捉到用户点击了什么标签，然后这个表格应该以文本和 PDF 格式保存。感谢一百万提前寻求任何帮助

从 tkinter 导入 * 从 tkinter 导入 ttk 从 tkinter 导入消息框

class Proj_pres:
    """Defininf clickable labels in frame"""
    #def fr_lb(self):

    def __init__(self,master):

        master.title(" Feedback Form")
        #master.resizable(False,False)

        self.frame_header = ttk.Frame(master, borderwidth = 5, relief ='ridge').grid(sticky = NE)
        #self.frame_header.pack()

        ttk.Label(self.frame_header, text = " For recording feedback on Autumn(inerm) project presentations",
                         font=('Arial',16,'bold')).grid(row = 0, column = 0,sticky = NW)

        """Defining new frame"""
        self.frame_content = ttk.Frame(master,borderwidth = 5)
        self.frame_content.grid(row = 2, column = 0,columnspan = 3, sticky = NW)


        """Adding check buttons for Studio 1 and Studio 2"""
        self.chkb1 = IntVar()
        self.b1 = ttk.Checkbutton(self.frame_content, text = "UC1Studio1", variable = self.chkb1).grid(row =0,column = 0)

        self.chkb2 = IntVar()
        self.b2 = ttk.Checkbutton(self.frame_content, text = "UC2Studio2", variable = self.chkb2).grid(row = 0, column = 8,columnspan = 2,stick=W)

        """Adding Labels for Team and Reviewer"""

        ttk. Label(self.frame_content, text = "Team Name").grid(row =4, column = 0,sticky = W)
        ttk.Label(self.frame_content, text = "Reviewer").grid(row = 4,column = 7, sticky = E)
        ttk.Label(self.frame_content).grid(row=2, column=0)


        """Adding Entry Boxes for team name and reviewer"""
        ttk.Entry(self.frame_content).grid( row = 4, column = 1,columnspan = 4,sticky = W)
        ttk.Entry(self.frame_content).grid( row = 4, column = 8,columnspan = 2, sticky = E)

        """Adding Label and frame for grading info"""
        self.frame_info = ttk.Frame(master,borderwidth = 5, relief = 'solid')
        self.frame_info.grid(row = 3, column = 0,sticky = NW)
        ttk.Label(self.frame_info).grid(row =5,column = 0)

        ttk.Label(self.frame_info, text ="Please use the feeedback scale for each of the following criterion, "
                                            "where 5 = excellent and 1 = poor").grid(row = 7, column = 0,sticky = W)
        ttk.Label(self.frame_info).grid(row = 6, column =0)

        ttk.Label(self.frame_info,text = "OVERVIEW OF PROJECT").grid(row = 8, column = 0, sticky = NW)
        ttk.Label(self.frame_info, text = "  5: Well Structured,4: Clear aim, 3:Understandable project "
                                          "view").grid(row = 9, column = 0, sticky = NW)
        ttk.Label(self.frame_info, text="  2: Absent,1: Confused "
                                        "view").grid(row=9, column=5, sticky=NW)

        #ttk.Label(self.frame_info, text="  should come here").grid(row=9, column=1, sticky=NW)

        """Adding frame in column 2 for clickable Labels"""
        self.frame_clk=ttk.Frame(self.frame_info, borderwidth= 5, relief ='solid')
        self.frame_clk.grid(row = 9,column = 2,columnspan = 3,sticky = NW)


        self.f1_l5 = StringVar()

        l5 = ttk.Label(self.frame_clk,text = "  5  " ,
                       background = 'white',borderwidth=5,relief= 'ridge',font =('Helvetica',12,'bold'))
        #,textvariable = self.f1_l5
        l5.grid(row=0,column =1,columnspan =2 )
        f1_l4= ttk.Label(self.frame_clk, text="  4  ",background = 'white',borderwidth=5,relief= 'ridge', font=('Helvetica', 12, 'bold'))
        f1_l4.grid(row =0 , column = 3)
        f1_l3 = ttk.Label(self.frame_clk, text="  3  ",background = 'white',borderwidth=5,relief= 'ridge', font=('Helvetica', 12, 'bold'))
        f1_l3.grid(row=0, column=4)
        f1_l2 = ttk.Label(self.frame_clk, text="  2  ",background = 'white',borderwidth=5,relief= 'ridge', font=('Helvetica', 12, 'bold'))
        f1_l2.grid(row=0, column=5)
        f1_l1 = ttk.Label(self.frame_clk, text="  1  ",background = 'white', borderwidth=5,relief= 'ridge',font=('Helvetica', 12, 'bold'))
        f1_l1.grid(row=0, column=6)





        #elf.frame_content.pack()
def main():
    root = Tk()
    proj_pres = Proj_pres(root)

    root.mainloop()


if __name__ == '__main__':main()

Answer 1

    def clickFunction(event): #event is argument with info about event that triggered the function
        global selectedNumber #make the number visible throughout the program, don't need this if you'll just pass it as argument to function
        event.widget.config(background = "green") #event.widget is reference to widget that was clicked on and triggered the function 
        selectedNumber = 7 - event.widget.grid_info()["column"] #grid info is dictionary with info about widget's grid relative to widget, more at http://infohost.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/web/grid-methods.html
        if(selectedNumber > 5): selectedNumber = 5 
        print(selectedNumber)
        ''' if someday you won't use grid, but will use list to store Labels, this is a way to get Label's position
        selectedNumber = myLabels.index(event.widget)
        '''
    l5.bind("<Button-1>", clickFunction)
    f1_l4.bind("<Button-1>", clickFunction)
    f1_l3.bind("<Button-1>", clickFunction)
    f1_l2.bind("<Button-1>", clickFunction)
    f1_l1.bind("<Button-1>", clickFunction)

    ''' Alternative way for making lots of similar widgets, not to mention extending Label class
    myLabels = [] #create List to make code more compact and to be able to use loops
    for i in range(5, 0, -1):
        myLabels.append(ttk.Label(self.frame_clk, text="  " + str(i) + "  ",background = 'white',borderwidth=5,relief= 'ridge', font=('Helvetica', 12, 'bold'))
        myLabels.bind("<Button-1>", clickFunction)
        myLabels[i].grid(row =0 , column = 6 - i)
    '''

这是您可以在“f1_l1.grid(row=0, column=6)”行下方添加的代码(ln 77 左右)。但我认为您可能为此目的需要 RadioButton，因为它会自动取消标记其他选项并支持 IntVar。有关事件的更多信息:http://infohost.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/web/events.html该网页具有出色(但有点过时)的文档。

顺便说一句，在为自己编写程序时，您可能想应用一种快速修复方法。在 Python 中，您可以向类及其定义之外的实例添加字段。例如。在您的代码中，您在“创建”它之后编写了 f1_l1.myNumber = 1，并在 clickFunction 而不是 grid_info() 中使用 selectedNumber = event.widget.myNumber。它会做这件事，但不要告诉他们我教过你 ;) 因为以这种方式添加字段被认为不是好的做法。

如果您还有任何问题，请随时提出。