python - python 3.5 的 Tensorflow 1.7.1 错误

Question

我安装了 tensorflow 1.7.1 以与 Unity ML-Agent 一起使用。我使用以下命令安装 tensorflow:

pip3 install tensorflow==1.7.1

安装正常，但当我尝试导入 tensorflow 时出现此错误:

C:\>python
Python 3.5.1 (v3.5.1:37a07cee5969, Dec  6 2015, 01:54:25) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tensorflow
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 14, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 903, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed: Une routine d\u2019initialisation d\u2019une bibliothèque de liens dynamiques (DLL) a échoué.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 17, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 16, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import *  # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 49, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 74, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 14, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 903, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed: Une routine d\u2019initialisation d\u2019une bibliothèque de liens dynamiques (DLL) a échoué.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 17, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 16, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "C:\Python35_x64\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.
>>>

Microsoft C++ 2015 可再发行组件安装在我的系统上，我使用 dos 命令很容易找到 MSVCP140.dll(如常见安装问题文档中的建议):

C:\>where MSVCP140.dll
C:\Windows\System32\msvcp140.dll

我没有安装 CUDA 和 cuDNN，因为我没有 cuda 卡，我只按照建议为 CPU 安装 tensorflow。

编辑:降级到 TensorFlow 1.5 对我来说不是解决方案，因为 Unity ML-agents 确实需要 1.7.1

Answer 1

最后是 AVX 支持问题。我的 CPU 不支持 AVX 指令。

我自己从源代码编译了 TensorFlow 1.7.1。终于没有我想的那么难了(但在我可怜的笔记本电脑上花了几个小时)。使用 GIT 、 CMAKE 、 SWIG 和 Python 3.5 我在 tensorflow github repo ( readme.md ) 上查看了指令:

https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/tree/v1.7.1/tensorflow/contrib/cmake

除了少数“堆空间不足”错误外，一切正常。尝试添加标志/Zm200 、/Zm500 或其他任何对我不起作用的标志。我通过强制使用 64 位 VC 编译器解决了这个问题:

https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/issues/11096

在这个issue page，用户kalengi提出了一些tips。我只将他的命令用于 MSBuild:

"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\amd64\MSBuild.exe" /m:2 /p:CL_MPCount=1 /p:Configuration=Release /p:Platform=x64 /p:PreferredToolArchitecture=x64 ALL_BUILD.vcxproj

"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\amd64\MSBuild.exe" /m:2 /p:CL_MPCount=1 /p:Configuration=Release /p:Platform=x64 /p:PreferredToolArchitecture=x64 tf_python_build_pip_package.vcxproj