python - n叉树的后序遍历

Question

我需要以下代码的帮助来回答。我正在尝试使用堆栈而不是递归对 n 元树执行后序遍历，因为 python 有 1000 次递归的限制。我在 geeks for geeks 上找到了相同“https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/iterative-preorder-traversal-of-a-n-ary-tree/”的预序遍历代码。但我无法将其转换为后序。任何帮助都会很棒。

Answer 1

这是一个iteration版本，我使用了stack:

class TreeNode:
    def __init__(self, x):
        self.val = x
        self.children = []

def postorder_traversal_iteratively(root: 'TreeNode'):
    if not root:
        return []
    stack = [root]
    # used to record whether one child has been visited
    last = None

    while stack:
        root = stack[-1]
        # if current node has no children, or one child has been visited, then process and pop it
        if not root.children or last and (last in root.children):
            '''
            add current node logic here
            '''
            print(root.val, ' ', end='')

            stack.pop()
            last = root
        # if not, push children in stack
        else:
            # push in reverse because of FILO, if you care about that
            for child in root.children[::-1]:
                stack.append(child)

测试代码&输出:

n1 = TreeNode(1)
n2 = TreeNode(2)
n3 = TreeNode(3)
n4 = TreeNode(4)
n5 = TreeNode(5)
n6 = TreeNode(6)
n7 = TreeNode(7)
n8 = TreeNode(8)
n9 = TreeNode(9)
n10 = TreeNode(10)
n11 = TreeNode(11)
n12 = TreeNode(12)
n13 = TreeNode(13)

n1.children = [n2, n3, n4]
n2.children = [n5, n6]
n4.children = [n7, n8, n9]
n5.children = [n10]
n6.children = [n11, n12, n13]

postorder_traversal_iteratively(n1)

可视化n叉树和输出:

                   1
                 / | \
                /  |   \
              2    3     4
             / \       / | \
            5    6    7  8  9
           /   / | \ 
          10  11 12 13

# output: 10  5  11  12  13  6  2  3  7  8  9  4  1  

---

还有一个做后序的想法是改变结果，比如把结果插入到head中。

效率较低，但易于编码。你可以在 here 中找到一个版本

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我已经在我的 github 中总结了上述算法的代码模板。
如果您对以下内容感兴趣，请观看: https://github.com/recnac-itna/Code_Templates