python - Tkinter 和线程

Question

我是 python 的新手，我编写了一个基于客户端服务器的程序。我的客户端使用 Tkinter 作为 GUI，当程序进入与服务器通信的功能并运行整个程序时，GUI 卡住。我基本上知道为什么会这样，但我不知道如何在我的特定程序中修复它。

from Tkinter import *
import re
import os
import socket
import os.path
import time

MAXSIZE=5000000000 # bigest file u can send

class Application(Frame):

    gateway =socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    def __init__(self, master):
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.creat_widgets()

    def creat_widgets(self):

        self.instruction1 = Label(self,text = "Enter IP Address:")
        self.instruction1.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W)

        self.ipEntry = Entry(self)
        self.ipEntry.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = W + E)

        self.instruction2 = Label(self, text = "Enter PORT:")
        self.instruction2.grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W)

        self.portEntry = Entry(self)
        self.portEntry.grid(row = 1, column = 1, sticky = W + E)

        self.instruction3 = Label(self,text = "Enter Path:")
        self.instruction3.grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W)

        self.pathEntry = Entry(self)
        self.pathEntry.grid(row = 2, column = 1, sticky = W + E)


        self.send_button = Button(self, text = "Send File" ,command = self.send_data)
        self.send_button.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky = W)


        self.inbox = Text(self, width = 40, height = 5, wrap = WORD)
        self.inbox.grid(row =5,column = 0 , columnspan= 3)

    def send_data(self):
        content = self.ipEntry.get()
        if(re.match("^(?:[0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}$",content)):
            self.ip = content
        else:
            self.ip = False
        content = self.portEntry.get()
        if(re.match("^([0-9]{1,4}|[1-5][0-9]{4}|6[0-4][0-9]{3}|65[0-4][0-9]{2}|655[0-2][0-9]|6553[0-5])$",content)):
            self.port = content
        else:
            self.port = False
        content = self.pathEntry.get()
        if os.path.exists(content):
            self.path = content
        else:
            self.path = False

        if (self.ip and self.port and self.path):
            self.connect()
            if os.path.getsize(self.path)<=MAXSIZE:
                self.update_text("Sending File......")
                self.sendFile()
            else:
                self.update_text("FILE IS TOO BIG (MAX SIZE IS 500MB)")
        else:
            self.update_text("Error with entrys")



    def connect(self): 
        try:
            self.gateway.connect((self.ip, int(self.port)))
        except socket.error, msg:
            message =  'Failed to create socket. Error code: ' + str(msg[0]) + ' , Error message : ' + msg[1]
            self.update_text(message)



    def sendFile(self):#send the file in the path entered
        self.update_text("Sending File......")
        tail = os.path.split(self.path)#get the files name and extention and send it to server.
        self.gateway.sendall(tail[1])
        self.sendLen()
        try:
            with open(str(self.path), 'rb') as f:
                    data = f.read()
                    self.gateway.sendall(data)
        except Exception, e:
            print e
        if self.chkProt(self.gateway.recv(10)):
            self.update_text("DONE!")



    def sendLen(self):#Function that handles the the sending of the length of the file.
        flen=os.path.getsize(str(self.path))
        self.gateway.sendall(str(flen))
        while self.chkProt(self.gateway.recv(10))==False:#checks that the length has been sent and received properly and no problems occurred.
            self.gateway.sendall(str(flen))  #resend file length if a problem occurred.


    def chkProt(self,num):#received a protocol that the server sent and act accordingly.
        if num=="101":
            return True
        if num=="102":
            print "AN ERROR HAS OCCURED"
            return False
        elif num=="103":
            return False



    def update_text(self, Etext):
      #  self.inbox.delete(0.0, END)
        self.inbox.insert(0.0, Etext)


root = Tk()
root.title("HCFF")
root.geometry("300x200")

app = Application(root)

root.mainloop()

Answer 1

为避免卡住界面，您可以在单独的线程中运行send_data 函数(使用threading 模块)。只需导入它并在 create_widgets 函数中更改一行:

import threading

...

def creat_widgets(self):
    ....
    self.send_button = Button(self, text = "Send File", command = lambda: threading.Thread(target=self.send_data).start())