python - 如何根据IP地址整理列表？

Question

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- encoding:utf8 -*-

import sys
import fileinput
import socket

hostlist= ['www.yahoo.com','www.google.com', 'www.facebook.com', 'www.cnn.com', 'www.thetimes.com']

for line in hostlist:
    for hostnames in line.split():
        try:
            socket.gethostbyname(hostnames)
        except Exception as invalid_hostnames:
            print ('Invalid hostname address = ') + hostnames
        else:
            ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostnames)
            print (ip.ljust(30,' ')) + '' + (hostnames.ljust(30,' '))

输出如下

46.228.47.115                 www.yahoo.com                 
123.176.0.162                 www.google.com                
179.60.192.36                 www.facebook.com              
185.31.17.73                  www.cnn.com                   
54.229.184.19                 www.thetimes.com

是否可以根据解析的IP地址对输出进行整理？

Answer 1

尝试:

import socket

results = []

with open('hostnames_list.txt') as f:
    for hostname in f:
        try:
            ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname.strip())
        except socket.gaierror:
            ip = socket.gethostbyname('.'.join(hostname.strip().split('.')[1:]))
        results.append((ip, hostname.strip()))

for (ip, hostname) in sorted(results, key=lambda item: socket.inet_aton(item[0])):
    print (ip.ljust(30,' ')) + '' + (hostname.ljust(30,' '))

Note: See that I'm using socket.inet_aton to convert an IPv4 address from dotted-quad string format (for example, ‘123.45.67.89’) to 32-bit packed binary format, as a string four characters in length. This way, you'll have them sorted correctly.

例如

data = [
        ('31.13.73.36', 'google.com'),
        ('31.13.72.35', 'foo.bar'),
        ('31.13.72.36', 'somedomain.com')
]
print sorted(data, key=lambda item: socket.inet_aton(item[0]))

将输出:

[
    ('31.13.72.35', 'foo.bar'),
    ('31.13.72.36', 'somedomain.com'),
    ('31.13.73.36', 'google.com')
]