c - 如何在 Windows 7 上记录网络带宽？

Question

[在谷歌搜索和搜索数小时/数天后，我不敢相信这样的基本任务没有开箱即用的“hello world”。]

在 Windows 7 上，如何记录网络统计信息？如果可能，针对特定 IP 地址。这里的目标是在几个小时内记录 UDP/TCP 带宽和错误。

已经尝试了很多软件，但都没有用。例如，NetMon 没有成功启动捕获，即使以管理员身份启动也是如此。

欢迎提供编程解决方案，尤其是使用 C/C++/C# 的解决方案。

Answer 1

MS 提供了一组 IP 辅助函数 ( https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/_iphlp/ )，允许管理和监控整个 IP 堆栈(本地 IP 协议(protocol)和派生 IP 协议(protocol))。

您可以使用专门针对 IP、TCP 或 UDP 的监控功能:

• GetIpStatistics()
• GetUdpStatistics()
• GetTcpStatistics()

MS 在 https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/iphlpapi/nf-iphlpapi-getipstatistics 中提供功能样本，我报告:

#ifndef UNICODE
#define UNICODE
#endif

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <iphlpapi.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "iphlpapi.lib")

#define MALLOC(x) HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), 0, (x))
#define FREE(x) HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, (x))

/* Note: could also use malloc() and free() */

int main()
{

    DWORD dwRetval;
    MIB_IPSTATS *pStats;

    pStats = (MIB_IPSTATS *) MALLOC(sizeof (MIB_IPSTATS));

    if (pStats == NULL) {
        wprintf(L"Unable to allocate memory for MIB_IPSTATS\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    dwRetval = GetIpStatistics(pStats);
    if (dwRetval != NO_ERROR) {
        wprintf(L"GetIpStatistics call failed with %d\n", dwRetval);
        exit(1);
    } else {

        wprintf(L"IP forwarding: \t\t" );
        switch (pStats->dwForwarding) {
        case MIB_IP_FORWARDING: 
            wprintf(L"Enabled\n");
            break;
        case MIB_IP_NOT_FORWARDING: 
            wprintf(L"Disabled\n");
            break;
        default: 
            wprintf(L"unknown value = %d\n", pStats->dwForwarding);
            break;
        }

        wprintf(L"Default initial TTL: \t\t\t\t\t%u\n", pStats->dwDefaultTTL);

        wprintf(L"Number of received datagrams: \t\t\t\t%u\n", pStats->dwInReceives);
        wprintf(L"Number of received datagrams with header errors: \t%u\n", pStats->dwInHdrErrors);
        wprintf(L"Number of received datagrams with address errors: \t%u\n", pStats->dwInAddrErrors);

        wprintf(L"Number of datagrams forwarded: \t\t\t\t%ld\n", pStats->dwForwDatagrams);

        wprintf(L"Number of received datagrams with an unknown protocol: \t%u\n", pStats->dwInUnknownProtos);
        wprintf(L"Number of received datagrams discarded: \t\t%u\n", pStats->dwInDiscards);
        wprintf(L"Number of received datagrams delivered: \t\t%u\n", pStats->dwInDelivers);

        wprintf(L"Number of outgoing datagrams requested to transmit: \t%u\n", pStats->dwOutRequests);
        wprintf(L"Number of outgoing datagrams discarded for routing: \t%u\n", pStats->dwRoutingDiscards);
        wprintf(L"Number of outgoing datagrams discarded: \t\t%u\n", pStats->dwOutDiscards);
        wprintf(L"Number of outgoing datagrams with no route to destination discarded: %u\n", pStats->dwOutNoRoutes);

        wprintf(L"Fragment reassembly timeout: \t\t\t\t%u\n", pStats->dwReasmTimeout);
        wprintf(L"Number of datagrams that required reassembly: \t\t%u\n", pStats->dwReasmReqds);
        wprintf(L"Number of datagrams successfully reassembled: \t\t%u\n", pStats->dwReasmOks);
        wprintf(L"Number of datagrams that could not be reassembled: \t%u\n", pStats->dwReasmFails);

        wprintf(L"Number of datagrams fragmented successfully: \t\t%u\n", pStats->dwFragOks);
        wprintf(L"Number of datagrams not fragmented and discarded: \t%u\n", pStats->dwFragFails);
        wprintf(L"Number of fragments created: \t\t\t\t%u\n", pStats->dwFragCreates);

        wprintf(L"Number of interfaces: \t\t\t\t\t%u\n", pStats->dwNumIf);
        wprintf(L"Number of IP addresses: \t\t\t\t%u\n", pStats->dwNumAddr);
        wprintf(L"Number of routes: \t\t\t\t\t%u\n", pStats->dwNumRoutes);
    }

// Free memory allocated for the MIB_IPSTATS structure
    if (pStats)
        FREE(pStats);

    return 0;
}

通过将辅助函数替换为适当的函数，可以将此代码重复用于与 IP、TCP 和 UDP 相关的每个函数。

对于那些允许将监控限制为 IPV4 或 IPV6 的功能，还存在扩展版本。

IP helper的MS页面有详细信息。