python - 通过 for 循环调用函数，函数作为字符串列表

Question

我正在尝试编写 PyQt5 应用程序。列表变量中的所有列表项都是表单的 LineEdit 对象。在调用重置函数时，我希望将它们设置为我试图为其编写 for 循环而不是硬编码的特定值。

但是，我不能将变量中的列表项用作对象，因为它们是其他文件中的对象属性并且在做

self.eval(variables[i]).setText(default_0_values[i])

不起作用，因为 eval 不是 self 的属性。但是，如果我运行

self.nGASLineEdit.setText(2)

有效。但我似乎无法自动化它，我被卡住了。需要解决这个问题。

from PyQt5 import QtCore,QtGui,QtWidgets,uic

variables=[
'nGASLineEdit','nDELTALineEdit','iMIPLineEdit','nDVECLineEdit','nSEEDLineEdit','eSTARTLineEdit','eTHRMLineEdit','eCUTLineEdit','nGAS1LineEdit','nGAS2LineEdit','nGAS3LineEdit','nGAS4LineEdit','nGAS5LineEdit','nGAS6LineEdit','fRAC1LineEdit','fRAC2LineEdit','fRAC3LineEdit','fRAC4LineEdit','fRAC5LineEdit','fRAC6LineEdit','tEMPLineEdit','tORRLineEdit','eFIELDLineEdit','bMAGLineEdit','bTHETALineEdit','iWRITELineEdit','iPENLineEdit','dETEFFLineEdit','eXCWGHTLineEdit','kGASLineEdit','lGASLineEdit','lCMPLineEdit','lRAYLineEdit','lPAPLineEdit','lBRMLineEdit','iECASCLineEdit'
]

default_0_values=[
2,100,5,1,0,1.0,1.5,2.0,
2 ,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 
]

class Window(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Window,self).__init__()
        uic.loadUi('main.ui',self)
        self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(lambda: self.reset())

    def select_func(self,func_name):
        return func_name

    def reset(self):
        global variables
        global default_0_values
        for i in range(len(variables)):
            self.eval(variables[i]).setText(default_0_values[i])




if __name__=='__main__':
    import sys
    app=QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    window=Window()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())

UI file in .ui format

UI file in .py format

Answer 1

使用 eval 是一种糟糕的编程习惯，在这种情况下是不必要的，除了放置 self.eval(...) 这些都表明 eval 是Window 类的一个函数，显然它不是。另一方面，如果您只读取变量，则没有必要使用 global。相反，我们可以使用 getattr()，如下所示:

from PyQt5 import QtCore,QtGui,QtWidgets,uic

variables=['nGASLineEdit','nDELTALineEdit','iMIPLineEdit','nDVECLineEdit','nSEEDLineEdit','eSTARTLineEdit','eTHRMLineEdit','eCUTLineEdit','nGAS1LineEdit','nGAS2LineEdit','nGAS3LineEdit','nGAS4LineEdit','nGAS5LineEdit','nGAS6LineEdit','fRAC1LineEdit','fRAC2LineEdit','fRAC3LineEdit','fRAC4LineEdit','fRAC5LineEdit','fRAC6LineEdit','tEMPLineEdit','tORRLineEdit','eFIELDLineEdit','bMAGLineEdit','bTHETALineEdit','iWRITELineEdit','iPENLineEdit','dETEFFLineEdit','eXCWGHTLineEdit','kGASLineEdit','lGASLineEdit','lCMPLineEdit','lRAYLineEdit','lPAPLineEdit','lBRMLineEdit','iECASCLineEdit']

default_0_values=[2,100,5,1,0,1.0,1.5,2.0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]

class Window(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Window,self).__init__()
        uic.loadUi('main.ui',self)
        self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.reset)

    def reset(self):
        for le, val in zip(variables, default_0_values):
            getattr(self, le).setText(str(val))

if __name__=='__main__':
    import sys
    app=QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    window=Window()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())