jquery - 如何在 jQuery 中获取用户输入并在其中使用？

Question

我想获取用户输入并在同一个 jQuery 中处理该输入。我该怎么做？

例如，我在 jQuery 中有一个球弹跳动画，我想询问用户球必须弹跳多少次，然后根据他/她的输入，球必须弹跳。我怎样才能做到这一点？我知道如何获取值，但我不知道如何处理该值。

为了获得值(value)，我使用:

$("button:#Get").click(function () {

$('input:number').val();

});

这是我尝试使用该函数的示例，

$(function() {
    
    var time = 500;
    var bounces = 20;
    var top_bounce = 10;
    
    function bounceDown(){
      $("#ball").animate({left:10, top: bounces*10}, time, function(){
        bounceUp();
      });
    };
    
    
    
    function bounceUp() {
      $("#ball").animate({top: top_bounce}, time);
      top_bounce = top_bounce + 10;
    };
    
    function shadowUp(){
      $("#shadow").animate({width: 100, height: 5, left: 10, top: bounces*15, opacity: 1}, time,    
    function(){
        shadowDown();
      });
    };
    
    function shadowDown() {
      $("#shadow").animate({width: 0, height: 0, left: 15, top: bounces*15, opacity: 0}, time);
    };     
    
    function finalDown(){
        $("#ball").animate({left:10, top: bounces*10}, time);
    };
    
    function finalShadow(){
    $("#shadow").animate({width: 100, height: 5, left: 10, top: bounces*15, opacity: 1}, time);    
    };
    
    $('#Get').click(function () {
      for (var i = 0; i < bounces; i++){
        setTimeout(function(){
          bounceDown();
          shadowUp();      
        }, time*2*i);
        setTimeout(function(){
          finalDown();
          finalShadow();
      }, bounces*1000);
      };               
    });
    
    
    
});

body {
            background-color: black;
            position: absolute;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            overflow: hidden;
        }

        #container {
            position: absolute;
            left: 50%;
            width: 500px;
            height: 600px;
        }

        #ball {
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            position: absolute;
            background-color: #e65454;
            border-radius: 50%;
        }

#shadow {
            position: absolute;
            height: 5px;
            width: 100px;
  bottom:0;
            background: radial-gradient(ellipse at center, rgba(91,91,91,1) 0%,rgba(142,142,142,0.84) 16%,rgba(227,228,229,0) 100%); /* W3C */
filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#5b5b5b', endColorstr='#00e3e4e5',GradientType=1 ); 
  opacity:0;
   }

div.inp{
  position:fixed;
  bottom:35px;
  left:30%;
  width:100%;
}

input[type=number] {
    width: 200px;
    padding: 12px 10px;
    margin: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    border: 2px solid #e65454;
    border-radius: 8px;
    outline:0;
}

button {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: white;
    padding: 16px 32px;
    text-align: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 16px;
    margin: 4px 2px;
    transition-duration: 0.4s;
    cursor: pointer;
  outline:0;
  border: 2px solid #e65454;
}

button:hover {
    background-color: #e65454;
    color: black;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
}

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.12.0/jquery-ui.min.js"></script>
<div class="inp">
<input type="number" value="How Many Bounces?"></input>
<button id="Get">Set</button>
<button id="Reset">Reset</button>
</div>
<div id="container">
        <div id="ball"></div>
        <div id="shadow"></div>
    </div>

现在我想向用户询问值，并根据该值，“弹跳”应该在 jquery 中更新。

Answer 1

定义一个函数而不是匿名函数。

$(function() {
    //function body
}

定义为

function bounce(){
    //function body
}

您还可以传递确定编号的变量。球的反弹，在你的情况下是“反弹”。

function bounce(var bounces){
    //function body
    //write everything that you have written in your function except var bounces
    //as it is taken from input
}

然后你就可以在你的onClick方法中调用上面的函数了。正如@Franco 所说，您使用的选择器不正确。所以你可以写类似的东西

<input type="number" id="number" value="How Many Bounces?"></input>

以下将是你的最终js

$("#Get").click(function () {
   bounces = $('#number').val();
   bounce(bounces);
 });

function bounce(bounces) {
    
    var time = 500;
    var top_bounce = 10;
  
 
    
    function bounceDown(){
      $("#ball").animate({left:10, top: bounces*10}, time, function(){
        bounceUp();
      });
    };
    
    
    
    function bounceUp() {
      $("#ball").animate({top: top_bounce}, time);
      top_bounce = top_bounce + 10;
    };
    
    function shadowUp(){
      $("#shadow").animate({width: 100, height: 5, left: 10, top: bounces*15, opacity: 1}, time,    
    function(){
        shadowDown();
      });
    };
    
    function shadowDown() {
      $("#shadow").animate({width: 0, height: 0, left: 15, top: bounces*15, opacity: 0}, time);
    };     
    
    function finalDown(){
        $("#ball").animate({left:10, top: bounces*10}, time);
    };
    
    function finalShadow(){
    $("#shadow").animate({width: 100, height: 5, left: 10, top: bounces*15, opacity: 1}, time);    
    };
    
    
      for (var i = 0; i < bounces; i++){
        setTimeout(function(){
          bounceDown();
          shadowUp();      
        }, time*2*i);
        setTimeout(function(){
          finalDown();
          finalShadow();
      }, bounces*1000);
      };               
    
    
    
    
};

希望这对您有所帮助。