c - STM32 SPI 未按预期工作

Question

我试图通过使用 SPI 写入 GPIO 寄存器来启用我的 MCP23S09 上的 LED。

电路板上有两个芯片，一个用于输入，另一个用于输出，也就是 LED。

我按照应有的方式连接了所有东西，所以我将 CH2 拉低并将 MOSI 和 SCK 引脚连接到我的微 Controller 。

我将 Nucleo STM32F411 与 CubeMX 软件结合使用，因此我尝试将数据发送到寄存器以启用功能。

但不幸的是，我的 IO 扩展器上没有任何 LED 亮起。

我接下来尝试的是 STM32duino，这样我就可以为我的电路板编写 Arduino 代码。但据我所知，这只是 HAL 库之上的另一层。

令我惊讶的是，它工作得很好!这是同一段代码，我只是稍微更改了一下以供 Arduino 使用。

但我仍然不明白为什么在使用 CubeMX 生成的 HAL 库时它不起作用。

Arduino 代码:

#include <SPI.h>

#define IODIR   0x00
#define IPOL    0x01
#define GPINTEN 0x02
#define DEFVAL    0x03
#define INTCON    0x04
#define IOCON   0x05
#define GPPU    0x06
#define INTF    0x07
#define INTCAP    0x08
#define GPIO    0x09
#define OLAT    0x0A

#define    OPCODEW    0x40
#define    OPCODER    0x41

// CS0 -> D2
const int slaveAPin = 2;

// CS1 -> D3
const int slaveBPin = 3;

// LED VAL
const uint8_t value = ~0x3F;


void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  // initialize SPI:
  SPI.begin();  //Initialize the SPI_1 port.
  SPI.setBitOrder(MSBFIRST); // Set the SPI_1 bit order

  SPI.setDataMode(SPI_MODE0); //Set the  SPI_1 data mode 0
  SPI.setClockDivider(SPI_CLOCK_DIV64);      

  pinMode (slaveAPin, OUTPUT); // First chip for inputs
  pinMode (slaveBPin, OUTPUT); // Second chip for outputs

  digitalWrite (slaveAPin, HIGH);
  digitalWrite (slaveBPin, HIGH);

}

void loop() {
    // configuration led-io-expander
    sendDataSPI(IOCON, 0x20);

    // all pins = output
    sendDataSPI(IODIR, 0x00);

    // Enable LEDS
    sendDataSPI(GPIO, value);
}


void sendDataSPI(uint8_t reg, uint8_t value){
    digitalWrite (slaveBPin, LOW); // Take slave-select low
    SPI.transfer(OPCODEW); // Send the MCP23S09 opcode, and write byte
    SPI.transfer(reg); // Send the register we want to write
    SPI.transfer(value); // Send the byte
    digitalWrite (slaveBPin, HIGH); // Take slave-select high
}

STM32 硬件:

/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * File Name          : main.c
  * Description        : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  ** This notice applies to any and all portions of this file
  * that are not between comment pairs USER CODE BEGIN and
  * USER CODE END. Other portions of this file, whether 
  * inserted by the user or by software development tools
  * are owned by their respective copyright owners.
  *
  * COPYRIGHT(c) 2017 STMicroelectronics
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
  * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
  *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
  *      and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  *   3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors
  *      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  *      without specific prior written permission.
  *
  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
  * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
  * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* USER CODE BEGIN Defines */
#define IODIR   0x00
#define IPOL    0x01
#define GPINTEN 0x02
#define DEFVAL    0x03
#define INTCON    0x04
#define IOCON   0x05
#define GPPU    0x06
#define INTF    0x07
#define INTCAP    0x08
#define GPIO    0x09
#define OLAT    0x0A

#define    OPCODEW      0x40
#define    OPCODER    0x41

#define SPI_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT    1000
/* USER CODE END Defines */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;

UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_SPI1_Init(void);
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
void sendDataSPI(uint8_t reg, uint8_t value);
int fgetc(FILE *f);
int fputc(int c, FILE *f);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

int main(void)
{       
    // LED VAL
    uint8_t value = 0x3F;

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration----------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_SPI1_Init();
  MX_USART2_UART_Init();


  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
  /* USER CODE END WHILE */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
        // configuration led-io-expander

        sendDataSPI(IOCON, 0x20);

        // all pins = output
        sendDataSPI(IODIR, 0x00);

        // Enable LEDS
        sendDataSPI(GPIO, value);

  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */

}

// REGISTER, VALUE
void sendDataSPI(uint8_t reg, uint8_t value){
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(CS1_GPIO_Port, CS1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET); // Take slave-select low
        HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1,(uint8_t *)OPCODEW,sizeof(uint8_t),SPI_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT); // Send the MCP23S09 opcode, and write bit
        HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1,(uint8_t *)&reg,sizeof(uint8_t),SPI_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT); // Send the register we want to write
        HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1,(uint8_t *)&value,sizeof(uint8_t),SPI_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT); // Send the byte
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(CS1_GPIO_Port, CS1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET); // Take slave-select high
}

int fputc(int c, FILE *f) {
    return (HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)&c,1,HAL_MAX_DELAY));
}

int fgetc(FILE *f) {
    char ch;
    HAL_UART_Receive(&huart2,(uint8_t*)&ch,1,HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    return (ch);
}

/** System Clock Configuration
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{

  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;

    /**Configure the main internal regulator output voltage 
    */
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();

  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
    */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = 16;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 16;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 336;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV4;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    _Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
  }

    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
    */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    _Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
  }

    /**Configure the Systick interrupt time 
    */
  HAL_SYSTICK_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000);

    /**Configure the Systick 
    */
  HAL_SYSTICK_CLKSourceConfig(SYSTICK_CLKSOURCE_HCLK);

  /* SysTick_IRQn interrupt configuration */
  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SysTick_IRQn, 0, 0);
}

/* SPI1 init function */
static void MX_SPI1_Init(void)
{
  /* SPI1 parameter configuration*/
  hspi1.Instance = SPI1;
  hspi1.Init.Mode = SPI_MODE_MASTER;
  hspi1.Init.Direction = SPI_DIRECTION_2LINES;
  hspi1.Init.DataSize = SPI_DATASIZE_8BIT;
  hspi1.Init.CLKPolarity = SPI_POLARITY_LOW;
  hspi1.Init.CLKPhase = SPI_PHASE_1EDGE;
  hspi1.Init.NSS = SPI_NSS_SOFT;
  hspi1.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_64;
  hspi1.Init.FirstBit = SPI_FIRSTBIT_MSB;
  hspi1.Init.TIMode = SPI_TIMODE_DISABLE;
  hspi1.Init.CRCCalculation = SPI_CRCCALCULATION_DISABLE;
  hspi1.Init.CRCPolynomial = 10;
  if (HAL_SPI_Init(&hspi1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    _Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
  }

}

/* USART2 init function */
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{

  huart2.Instance = USART2;
  huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    _Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
  }

}

/** Configure pins as 
        * Analog 
        * Input 
        * Output
        * EVENT_OUT
        * EXTI
*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOH_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(CS0_GPIO_Port, CS0_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(CS1_GPIO_Port, CS1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : B1_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = B1_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_IT_FALLING;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(B1_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : CS0_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = CS0_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(CS0_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : CS1_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = CS1_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(CS1_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

}

/* USER CODE END 4 */

Answer 1

在 sendDataSPI 函数中开始下一次传输之前，您无需等待 SPI 传输完成。应该这样修改:

void sendDataSPI(uint8_t reg, uint8_t value){
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(CS1_GPIO_Port, CS1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET); // Take slave-select low

        HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1,(uint8_t *)OPCODEW,sizeof(uint8_t),SPI_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT); // Send the MCP23S09 opcode, and write bit
        while(HAL_SPI_GetState(&hspi1) != HAL_SPI_STATE_READY);

        HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1,(uint8_t *)&reg,sizeof(uint8_t),SPI_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT); // Send the register we want to write
        while(HAL_SPI_GetState(&hspi1) != HAL_SPI_STATE_READY);

        HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1,(uint8_t *)&value,sizeof(uint8_t),SPI_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT); // Send the byte
        while(HAL_SPI_GetState(&hspi1) != HAL_SPI_STATE_READY);

        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(CS1_GPIO_Port, CS1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET); // Take slave-select high
}

此外，此行只发送垃圾信息，而不是 0x40。

HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1,(uint8_t *)OPCODEW,sizeof(uint8_t),SPI_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT); // Send the MCP23S09 opcode, and write bit

请注意，您正在将 OPCODEW 转换为 uint8_t* 因此实际上您会将 0x40 作为指针(指向某个随机内存)传递) 而不是作为数据。