python - Django - 同一表单上的多个自定义模型

Question

我正在使用 Django 2.1 和 PostgreSQL。我的问题是我正在尝试创建一个表单来同时编辑两个不同的模型。该模型与 FK 相关，我看到的每个示例都与用户和配置文件模型有关，但我无法复制我真正需要的东西。

我的模型经过简化以显示有关它们的相关信息是:

# base model for Campaigns.
class CampaignBase(models.Model):
    ....
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    creation_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    start_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    end_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    ....

# define investment campaign made on a project.
class InvestmentCampaign(models.Model):
    ....
    campaign = models.ForeignKey(CampaignBase, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)

    description = models.CharField(
        blank=True,
        max_length=25000,
    )
    ....

我要创建的表单包含 FK CampaignBase 的 end_date 和 的 Description >投资事件。

现在我有这个 UpdateView 来编辑 InvestmentCampaign，我需要适应我的实际需要，这也更新了 CampaignBase 模型:

class ProjectEditInvestmentCampaignView(LoginRequiredMixin, SuccessMessageMixin, generic.UpdateView):
    template_name = 'webplatform/project_edit_investment_campaign.html'
    model = InvestmentCampaign
    form_class = CreateInvestmentCampaignForm
    success_message = 'Investment campaign updated!'

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse_lazy('project-update-investment-campaign', args=(self.kwargs['project'], self.kwargs['pk']))

    # Make the view only available for the users with current fields
    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        self.object = self.get_object()
        # here you can make your custom validation for any particular user
        if request.user != self.object.campaign.project.user:
            raise PermissionDenied()
        return super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

    # Set field as current user
    def form_valid(self, form):
        campaign = InvestmentCampaign.objects.get(pk=self.kwargs['campaign'])
        form.instance.campaign = campaign
        form.instance.history_change_reason = 'Investment campaign updated'
        return super(ProjectEditInvestmentCampaignView, self).form_valid(form)

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        project = Project.objects.get(pk=self.kwargs['project'])
        context = super(ProjectEditInvestmentCampaignView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['project'] = project
        return context

我的表格是:

class CreateCampaignBaseForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = CampaignBase
        fields = ('end_date',)
        widgets = {
            'end_date': DateTimePickerInput(),
        }

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # first call parent's constructor
        super(CreateCampaignBaseForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        # evade all labels and help text to appear when using "as_crispy_tag"
        self.helper = FormHelper(self)
        self.helper.form_show_labels = False
        self.helper._help_text_inline = True


class CreateInvestmentCampaignForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = InvestmentCampaign
        fields = ('description')
        widgets = {
            'description': SummernoteWidget(attrs={'summernote': {
                'placeholder': 'Add some details of the Investment Campaign here...'}}),
        }

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # first call parent's constructor
        super(CreateInvestmentCampaignForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        # evade all labels and help text to appear when using "as_crispy_tag"
        self.helper = FormHelper(self)
        self.helper.form_show_labels = False
        self.helper._help_text_inline = True

我到处都读到，执行此操作的最佳方法是使用基于函数的 View ，并调用我拥有的每个表单，然后进行验证。问题是我不知道如何用两种形式的正确对象填充字段，而且，我不知道如何做与 get_context_data 等效的操作，也不知道如何获取 self执行与 get_success_url 等效的参数(因为基于函数的 View 我只有请求属性，所以我无法访问 kwargs)。

我见过一些人使用 django-betterforms ，但同样，唯一的例子是 auth 和 profile 模型，我看不到用我自己的模型复制它的方法。

非常感谢。

Answer 1

如果您只想更改 BaseCampaign 上的一个字段 end_date，那么您应该只使用一种形式。只需在 CreateInvestmentCampaignForm 和 form.valid() 中添加 end_date 作为附加字段(例如 forms.DateTimeField()) 方法，保存表单后，设置关联事件的值:

def form_valid(self, form):
    inv_campaign = form.save(commit=False)
    inv_campaign.campaign.end_date = form.cleaned_data['end_date']
    inv_campaign.campaign.save()
    inv_campaign.history_change_reason = ...
    return super().form_valid(form)

以下是将 end_date 添加到您的表单并正确初始化它的方法:

class CreateInvestmentCampaignForm(ModelForm):
    end_date = forms.DateTimeField(blank=True)

    class Meta:
        model = InvestmentCampaign
        fields = ('description')

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        if self.instance.campaign:
            self.fields['end_date'].initial = self.instance.campaign.end_date