Python 按字符串名称导入子模块？

Question

如何使用字符串列表(子模块的名称)在当前模块中导入子模块？

当前代码:

from mainapp.utils import firstutil
from mainapp.utils import secondutil
from mainapp.utils import fifthutil

所需代码:

needed_utils = ["firstutil","secondutil","fifthutil"]
for util_name in needed_utils:
    # use __import__ to achieve same effect as in current code

Answer 1

def getobj(astr):
    """
    getobj('scipy.stats.stats') returns the associated module
    getobj('scipy.stats.stats.chisquare') returns the associated function
    """
    try:
        return globals()[astr]
    except KeyError:
        try:
            return __import__(astr, fromlist=[''])
        except ImportError:
            modname, _, basename = astr.rpartition('.')
            if modname:
                mod = getobj(modname)
                return getattr(mod, basename)
            else:
                raise

needed_utils = ["firstutil", "secondutil", "fifthutil"]
for util_name in needed_utils:
    globals()[util_name] = getobj('mainapp.utils.{m}'.format(m=util_name))