python - 什么是 python 相当于 Matlab 的秩和？

Question

scipy.stats.ranksums、wilcoxon、mannwhitneyu 都给出了与 Matlab 的 ranksum 不同的结果。

Answer 1

这取决于您使用的选项。检查以下示例:

1- MATLAB

rng('default') % for reproducibility
x = unifrnd(0,1,20,1);
y = unifrnd(0.25,1.25,20,1);
p = ranksum(x,y);
p =
   0.2503

2- python (为保持一致，我没有再次生成数字，但我已将 MATLAB 中生成的数字移动到 Python 脚本中)

from scipy.stats import *
import numpy as np

y=np.array([0.905740699156587, 0.285711678574190, 1.09912930586878, 1.18399324775755, 0.928735154857774, 1.00774013057833, 0.993132468124916, 0.642227019534168, 0.905477890177557, 0.421186687811562, 0.956046088019609, 0.28183284637742, 0.526922984960890, 0.296171390631154, 0.347131781235848, 1.07345782832729, 0.944828622975817, 0.567099480060861, 1.20022204883835, 0.284446080502909])
x=np.array([0.814723686393179,  0.905791937075619,  0.126986816293506,  0.913375856139019,  0.632359246225410,  0.0975404049994095, 0.278498218867048,  0.546881519204984,  0.957506835434298,  0.964888535199277,  0.157613081677548,  0.970592781760616,  0.957166948242946,  0.485375648722841,  0.800280468888800,  0.141886338627215,  0.421761282626275,  0.915735525189067,  0.792207329559554,  0.959492426392903])

p = ranksums(x,y)
print p

RanksumsResult(statistic=-1.1631538287209875, pvalue=0.24476709560795806)

此结果具有以下选项:

1- 对于 MATLAB:

p = ranksum(x,y) returns the p-value of a two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test. ranksum tests the null hypothesis that data in x and y are samples from continuous distributions with equal medians, against the alternative that they are not. The test assumes that the two samples are independent. x and y can have different lengths. This test is equivalent to a Mann-Whitney U-test.

2- 用于 Python:

Compute the Wilcoxon rank-sum statistic for two samples. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test tests the null hypothesis that two sets of measurements are drawn from the same distribution. The alternative hypothesis is that values in one sample are more likely to be larger than the values in the other sample. This test should be used to compare two samples from continuous distributions. It does not handle ties between measurements in x and y.

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另一个例子

我在这里使用相同的数据，具有与 MATLAB 相同的功能，但选项不同。现在您可以看到结果等于 Scipy 中 mannwhitneyu 函数的结果。

MATLAB

[p,h,stats] = ranksum(x,y,'alpha',0.01,'tail','left','method','exact');
p = 
    0.1267

python

m = mannwhitneyu(xx, yy, use_continuity=True)
print m

MannwhitneyuResult(statistic=157.0, pvalue=0.12514839875175593)