python - 在 Python 中用 RegEx 替换变量模式

Question

我正在 Python 中寻找一个非常特殊的 RegEx(或其他解决方案，性能接近)来替代模式，这些模式在以下示例中:

...-1AG.,., should be transformed as ...G.,.,
..,-1A,.,., should be transformed as ..,,.,.,
...-2GTC,., should be transformed as ...C,.,
..,-2GT.,., should be transformed as ..,.,.,
...+3TAGT,, should be transformed as ...T,,
..,+3TAG.,. should be transformed as ..,.,.

基本上:

AnySymbol(不仅是点和逗号)，后跟一个 +/- 符号，后跟一个字母数字 (1..9)，再后跟几个字母，其数量取决于前面的数字，最后是 AnySymbol (不仅是点和逗号)，

应转换为:

AnySymbol(不仅是点和逗号)和 AnySymbol(不仅是点和逗号)。

显然解决方案:String = re.sub(r'[\-\+]\d\w+', "", String) 是不对的，如果我们有 case (...-1AG.,., 应转换为...G.,.,)。到目前为止，我正在循环 r'[\-\+]1\w', r'[\-\+]2\w\w', r'[\-\+]3\w\w\w' ... r'[\-\+]9\w\w\w\w\w\w\w\w\w'，但是我希望有更优雅的解决方案。有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

看看这个工作演示。

x="""...-1AG.,., should be transformed as ...G.,.,
..,-1A,.,., should be transformed as ..,,.,.,
...-2GTC,., should be transformed as ...C,.,
..,-2GT.,., should be transformed as ..,.,.,
...+3TAGT,, should be transformed as ...T,,
..,+3TAG.,. should be transformed as ..,.,."""

def repl(matchobj):
    return matchobj.group(2)[int(matchobj.group(1)):]

print re.sub(r"[+-](\d+)([a-zA-Z]+)",repl,x)

您可以在 re.sub 中使用您自己的函数来进行自定义替换。