'end' 参数的 Python 无效语法错误

Question

我正在使用 python 书尝试 invent game 中的 hangman 代码，我被“end”的无效语法错误困住了。

Here is the traceback: 
Line 82: print ('Missed letters: ', end = ' ')
Syntax error: Invalid syntax

箭头指向 = 符号。我搜索并发现，当我在 python2.7 上工作时，我应该使用 from future import print_function ，我这样做了，但错误仍然存​​在。

我的代码:

import random 
from __future_ import print_function

HANGMANPICS = ['''

 +---+
 |   |
     |
     |
     |
     |
     |
====== ''' , '''

 +---+
 |   |
 0   |
     |
     |
     |
     |
====== ''' , '''

 +---+
 |   |
 0   |
 |   |
     |
     |
     |
====== ''' , '''

  +---+
  |   |
  0   |
 /|   |
      |
      |
      |
======= ''' , '''

  +----+
  |    |
  0    |
 /|\   |
       |
       |
       |
======== ''' , '''
 +----+
  |    |
  0    |
 /|\   |
 /     |
       |
       |
======== ''' , '''

 +------+
  |     |
  0     |
 /|\    |
 / \    |
        |
        |
========= ''']

words = """ cougar badger beaver cobra lion tiger skin ventriloquist magician monkey moose pigeon 
rabbit rhino trout wombat kangaroo python lizard raven skunk peacock hoki crab prawns cancer 
sloth snake spider parrot penguin ferret eagle cock hen peahen turkey turtle dinosaur metaphor 
iteration object apple """.split()

def getRandomWord(wordList):
#this function returns a random string from the words list
    wordIndex = random.randint(0,len(wordList)-1) #as we count from 0
    return wordList[wordIndex]

def displayBoard(HANGMANPICS , missedLetters, correctLetters, secretWord):
    print (HANGMANPICS[len(missedLetters)])
    print() #give space after every string character

    print ('Missed letters: ', end = ' ')
    for letter in missedLetters:
        print (letter, end = ' ')
    print()

    blanks = '_' * len(secretWord)
    #replace blanks with correct guesses
    for i in range (len(secretWord)): 
        if secretWord[i] in correctLetters:
            blanks = blanks[:i] + secretWord[i] + blanks[i+1:]
    #show secret word with spaces between each letter
    for letter in blanks:
        print (letter , end=' ')
    print()


def getGuess(alreadyGuessed): #makes sure player enters a letter and nothing else
    while True:
        print ('Guess a letter.')
        guess = raw_input()
        guess = guess.lower()
        if len(guess) != 1:
            print "please enter a single character."
        elif guess in alreadyGuessed:
            print "you have already guessed that letter. Choose another."
        elif guess not in 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz':
           print "please only enter a letter"
        else:
            return guess #returns user i/p
#function is true if player wants to play again , else false
def playAgain():
    print "do you wanna play again? (yes or no)"
    return raw_input.lower().startswith('y')


print "<<<<<<<<<<< H A N G M A N >>>>>>>>>>>>"
missedLetters = ''
correctLetters = ''
secretWord = getRandomWord(words)
gameIsDone = False 

while True:
    displayBoard(HANGMANPICS , missedLetters , correctLetters , secretWord)
    #getting a letter from user
    guess = getGuess(missedLetters + correctLetters)

    if guess in secretWord:
        correctLetters = correctLetters + guess 

    #check if the player has won
    foundAllLetters = True 
    for i in range(len(secretWord)):
        if secretWord[i] not in correctLetters:
            foundAllLetters = False
            break 

    if foundAllLetters:
        print "Yes! the secret word is "   + secretWord + "! You win!"
        gameisDone = True 
    else:
        missedLetters = missedLetters + guess 

#check if player has exhausted his guess limits and lost 

    if len(missedLetters) == len(HANGMANPICS) - 1:
        displayBoard(HANGMANPICS , missedLetters , correctLetters , secretWord)
        print " you have run out of guesses! \n After " + str(len(missedLetters)) + "missed guesses and" + str(len(correctLetters)) 
        + "correct guesses  the word was  " + secretWord  
        gameisDone = True 

    if gameisDone:
        if playAgain():
            missedLetters = ''
            correctLetters = ''
            gameisDone = False   
            secretWord = getRandomWord(words)
        else:
            break  

建议？ 谢谢!

Answer 1

有一个错字:

from __future_ import print_function
              ^-- single underscore

__future_ 应替换为 __future__(两个尾部下划线)

---

并且 import 语句应该在文件的第一行(在任何其他 import 之前)

from __future__ import print_function  # <-- this should be the first
import random

---

除此之外，所有print 语句的用法都应替换为print 函数:

语句如下:

print "please enter a single character."

应该替换为:

print("please enter a single character.")