python - 在 Python 中生成排序的足球联赛表

Question

我创建了一个程序来模拟球队之间的整个足球赛季。用户输入团队的名称和他们的技能等级。然后它使用泊松分布来比较他们的技能等级并计算两个团队之间的结果。每场比赛结束后，相关列表都会更新:获胜的球队获得 3 分(因此，如果第三支球队获胜，则索引 [2] 的值增加 3)。我有一个单独的得分列表，进球数，失球数，赢球数，平局数和输球数(旁注 - 有更有效的方法吗？)我遇到的问题是在赛季结束时出现的:每支球队的数据都按照球队最初输入的顺序输出。这是通过“名称”列表中的团队名称与“点数”列表中的点数相同的索引来完成的。所以问题是，如果我订购“积分”列表，那么它们将与他们的名字不同步。我希望这是有道理的，但这是一个季节的示例输出:

Enter number of teams in league: 4
Enter team 1 name: a
Enter team 2 name: b
Enter team 3 name: c
Enter team 4 name: d
Enter a skill: 1
Enter b skill: 3
Enter c skill: 5
Enter d skill: 8
===========================================
a's home games: 
===========================================

a 2 - 0 b 

a 0 - 2 c 

a 0 - 0 d 

===========================================
b's home games: 
===========================================

b 2 - 3 a 

b 1 - 0 c 

b 0 - 0 d 

===========================================
c's home games: 
===========================================

c 1 - 0 a 

c 1 - 0 b 

c 0 - 1 d 

===========================================
d's home games: 
===========================================

d 4 - 0 a 

d 2 - 0 b 

d 0 - 0 c 

Final table: 
a               Skill: 1     Points: 7     For: 5     Against: 9     Goal difference: -4    Wins: 2     Draws: 1     Losses: 3    
b               Skill: 3     Points: 4     For: 3     Against: 8     Goal difference: -5    Wins: 1     Draws: 1     Losses: 4    
c               Skill: 5     Points: 10    For: 4     Against: 2    Goal difference: 2     Wins: 3     Draws: 1     Losses: 2    
d               Skill: 8     Points: 12    For: 7     Against: 0    Goal difference: 7     Wins: 3     Draws: 3     Losses: 0    
[4, 7, 10, 12]

所以我现在想做的是能够按降序打印最终联赛表，而不是现在仅按索引顺序打印。

抱歉，如果措辞不当 - 我的程序的代码可能更有用，所以这里是:

import math
import random
#Lambda value in Poisson distribution for higher rated team
lambOne = 1.148698355
#Lambda value for lower rated team
lambTwo = 0.8705505633

#Poisson distribution calculating goals scored by the home team
def homeMatch(homeRating,awayRating):
    global lambOne
    global x
    global y
    if x == y:
        raise ValueError
    else:
        lamb = lambOne**(int(homeRating)-int(awayRating))
        homeScore = 0
        z = random.random()    
        while z > 0:
            z = z - ((lamb**homeScore * math.exp(lamb * -1))/(math.factorial(homeScore)))
            homeScore += 1
        return (homeScore-1)

#Poisson distribution calculating goals scored by away team
def awayMatch(homeRating,awayRating):
    global lambTwo
    global x
    global y
    #This check is to stop a team playing itself
    if x == y:
        raise ValueError
    else:
        lamb = lambTwo**(int(homeRating)-int(awayRating))
        awayScore = 0
        z = random.random()    
        while z > 0:
            z = z - ((lamb**awayScore * math.exp(lamb * -1))/(math.factorial(awayScore)))
            awayScore += 1
        return (awayScore-1)

#Selecting number of teams in league
leagueSize = int(input("Enter number of teams in league: "))

#Initialising empty lists
teamNames = []
teamSkill = []
teamPoints = []
teamFor = []
teamAgainst = []
teamWins = []
teamDraws = []
teamLosses = []

#Populating lists with number of zeroes equal to the number of teams (one zero for each)
for x in range(leagueSize):
    teamPoints += [0]
    teamFor += [0]
    teamAgainst += [0]
    teamWins += [0]
    teamDraws += [0]
    teamLosses += [0]

#Entering names and skill ratings for each team
for i in range(leagueSize):
    teamNames += [input("Enter team "+str(i+1)+" name: ")]
for j in range(leagueSize):
    teamSkill += [input("Enter "+teamNames[j]+" skill: ")]

#Initialising variables
homeScore = 0
awayScore = 0

#The season begins - each team plays all of its home games in one go
for x in range(leagueSize):
    #input("Press enter to continue ")
    print("===========================================")
    print(teamNames[x]+"'s home games: ")
    print("===========================================\n")
    for y in range(leagueSize):
        error = 0
        try:
            homeScore = homeMatch(teamSkill[x],teamSkill[y])
        #Skipping a game to stop a team playing itself
        except ValueError:
            pass
            error += 1
        try:
            awayScore = awayMatch(teamSkill[x],teamSkill[y])
        except ValueError:
            pass
        if error == 0:
            #Updating lists
            print(teamNames[x],homeScore,"-",awayScore,teamNames[y],"\n")
            teamFor[x] += homeScore
            teamFor[y] += awayScore
            teamAgainst[x] += awayScore
            teamAgainst[y] += homeScore
            if homeScore > awayScore:
                teamWins[x] += 1
                teamLosses[y] += 1
                teamPoints[x] += 3
            elif homeScore == awayScore:
                teamDraws[x] += 1
                teamDraws[y] += 1
                teamPoints[x] += 1
                teamPoints[y] += 1
            else:
                teamWins[y] += 1
                teamLosses[x] += 1
                teamPoints[y] += 3
        else:
            pass

#Printing table (unsorted)
print("Final table: ")
for x in range(leagueSize):
    #Lots of formatting
    print(teamNames[x]+(15-len(teamNames[x]))*" "+" Skill: "+str(teamSkill[x])+(5-len(str(teamSkill[x])))*" "+" Points: "+str(teamPoints[x])+(5-len(str(teamPoints[x])))*" "+" For: "+str(teamFor[x])+(5-len(str(teamFor[x])))*" "+" Against: "+str(teamAgainst[x])+(5-len(str(teamPoints[x])))*" "+" Goal difference: "+str(teamFor[x]-teamAgainst[x])+(5-len(str(teamFor[x]-teamAgainst[x])))*" "+" Wins: "+str(teamWins[x])+(5-len(str(teamWins[x])))*" "+" Draws: "+str(teamDraws[x])+(5-len(str(teamDraws[x])))*" "+" Losses: "+str(teamLosses[x])+(5-len(str(teamLosses[x])))*" ")
teamPoints.sort()
print(teamPoints)

抱歉，这篇文章很长，可能措辞不当且效率低下，但我希望有人能够帮助我!非常感谢:)

Answer 1

虽然您当前的方法(勉强)可行，但它很难(例如)更改您要存储的有关每个团队的信息。您可能会考虑定义一个 Team 类，它的每个实例都存储有关特定团队的所有信息。

class Team:
    def __init__(self, name, skill):
        self.name = name
        self.skill = skill
        self.points = self.goals_for = self.goals_against = \
                     self.wins = self.draws = self.losses = 0

这让您可以通过传递名称和技能级别来创建新的团队对象，方法如下:

t1 = Team("Bradford City", 3)

t1 现在具有具有给定值的属性 name 和 skill，以及许多其他属性(points、goals_for , 依此类推) 其值全为零。

然后你可以很容易地初始化联盟:

league_size = 4
teams = []
for _ in range(league_size):
    teams.append(Team(input("Name of team "+str(_)+": "),
                      int(input("Team "+str(_)+"'s skill level: ")))

然后要打印每个团队的技能水平，您可以遍历列表:

for team in teams:
    print(team.name, team.skill)

我希望这能让您了解如何简化您的方法。您的比赛函数现在也可以将团队作为参数，并根据计算结果直接修改团队对象。

要得到你想要的答案，一旦你有了一个团队列表，你可以很容易地将它们打印出来，按照他们持有的分数排序:

for team in sorted(teams, key=lambda t: t.points):
    print(team.name, team.skill, team.points, ...)

据我所知，您的 global 声明都不是必需的(如果名称未在本地定义，Python 将查找全局名称以满足引用)。除此之外，函数的输入通常应该作为参数传递，只是从环境中获取东西是相当糟糕的做法!

我希望这足以让您重新编写程序以使其更易于处理。作为初学者，我会说你已经做得非常好才能走到这一步。接下来的步骤会让您兴奋不已!

稍后添加:因此您的 all-play-all 可以更容易编程:

for home in teams:
    for away in teams:
        if home is away: # Teams don't play themselves
            continue
        play_match(home, away)

play_match 函数将模拟比赛并调整每支球队的统计数据。当然你可以用另一行阅读来模拟客场比赛

         play_match(away, home)

尽管我不确定您的算法是否对称。