c - 如何在c中的mastermind guessing game中正确计算 "white"？

Question

“白”是在错误的位置检查正确的数字。但我不知道如何正确计数。

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "stdlib.h" 
#include "time.h"

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    int answer[4];
    int guess[4];
    int count = 0;

    srand(time(NULL)); 
    /*answer[0] = (rand() % 6)+1;
    answer[1] = (rand() % 6)+1;
    answer[2] = (rand() % 6)+1;
    answer[3] = (rand() % 6)+1;*/

    answer[0] = 3;
    answer[1] = 3;
    answer[2] = 5;
    answer[3] = 2;

    printf("%d %d %d %d\n", answer[0],  answer[1],  answer[2],  answer[3]);
    printf("          B W\n"); 

    do
    {
        int black = 0;
        int white = 0;
        count++;
        printf("Enter 4 numbers, this is your %d guess: ", count);
        scanf("%d %d %d %d", &guess[0], &guess[1], &guess[2], &guess[3]);
        printf("\n%d %d %d %d\n", guess[0], guess[1], guess[2], guess[3]);

        int g2[2][6];

        for (int a = 0;a < 4;a++)
            g2[0][a]=answer[a];

        for (int i = 0;i < 4;i++)
            g2[1][i]=guess[i];

        if (answer[0]==guess[0])
            black++;
        if (answer[1]==guess[1])
            black++;
        if (answer[2]==guess[2])
            black++;
        if (answer[3]==guess[3])
            black++;

        if (answer[1]==guess[0] || answer[2]==guess[0] || answer[3]==guess[0])
            white++;
        if (answer[0]==guess[1] || answer[2]==guess[1] || answer[3]==guess[1])
            white++;
        if (answer[0]==guess[2] || answer[1]==guess[2] || answer[3]==guess[2])
            white++;
        if (answer[0]==guess[3] || answer[1]==guess[3] || answer[2]==guess[3])
            white++;

        if (black==4)
            white=0;

        g2[1][4]=black;
        g2[1][5]=white;

        for (int n = 0;n < 6;n++)
            printf(" %d",g2[1][n]); 

        printf("\n");
    }
    while (answer[0]!=guess[0] || answer[1]!=guess[1] ||
           answer[2]!=guess[2] || answer[3]!=guess[3]);

    printf("BINGO!!!\n");

    return 0;
}

---

更新 2:

for (int slot=0;slot<4;slot++)
{
    if (guess[slot] == answer[slot]) 
        black++;
    else 
        for (int s=0;s<4;s++)
            if (s != slot) 
            {
                if (guess[slot] == answer[s]) 
                    white++;
                break;
            }
}

---

更新 3:

for (int x=0;x<4;x++)
flag[x]=0;

for (int slot = 0;slot < 4;slot++) 
{ 
    if (guess[slot] == answer[slot])  
        if (flag[slot]==1)
            black++; 
    else  
        for (int s=0;s < 4;s++) 
            if (s != slot)  
            { 
                if (guess[slot] == answer[s])
                    if (flag[s]==1)
                    {
                        white++; 
                        break; 
                    }
            } 
} 

---

更新 4

for (int x=0;x<4;x++)
flag[x]=0;

for (int slot = 0;slot < 4;slot++) 
{ 
    if (guess[slot] == answer[slot])  {
        black++; 
        flag[slot]=1;
    }
else  
    for (int s=0;s < 4;s++)
        if (s != slot)
        { 
            if (guess[slot] == answer[s])  
            {
                white++; 
                flag[s]=1;
                break; 
            }
        } 
} 

---

更新 5:

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "stdlib.h" 
#include "time.h"

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    int answer[4];
    int guess[4];
    int flag[4];
    int count = 0;

    srand(time(NULL)); 
    /*answer[0] = (rand() % 6)+1;
    answer[1] = (rand() % 6)+1;
    answer[2] = (rand() % 6)+1;
    answer[3] = (rand() % 6)+1;*/

    answer[0] = 1;
    answer[1] = 2;
    answer[2] = 3;
    answer[3] = 4;

    printf("%d %d %d %d\n", answer[0],  answer[1],  answer[2],  answer[3]); 

    do
    {
        int black = 0;
        int white = 0;
        count++;
        printf("Enter 4 numbers, this is your %d guess: ", count);
        scanf("%d %d %d %d", &guess[0], &guess[1], &guess[2], &guess[3]);

        int g2[2][6];

        for (int a = 0;a < 4;a++)
            g2[0][a]=answer[a];

        for (int i = 0;i < 4;i++)
            g2[1][i]=guess[i];

        for (int x=0;x<4;x++)
            flag[x]=0;

        for (int slot = 0;slot < 4;slot++) 
        { 
            if (guess[slot] == answer[slot])  
                black++; 
            else   
                for (int s=0;s < 4;s++)  
                    if (s != slot && guess[slot] == answer[s] && !flag[s]) 
                    {  
                        white++;  
                        flag[s]=1; 
                        break;  
                    }
        } 

        g2[1][4]=black;
        g2[1][5]=white;

        printf("Guess %d: ", count);

        for (int n = 0;n < 4;n++){
            printf(" %d",g2[1][n]);
        }

        printf(" Black: %d White: %d\n", g2[1][4], g2[1][5]);
        printf("\n");
    }
    while (answer[0]!=guess[0] || answer[1]!=guess[1] ||
           answer[2]!=guess[2] || answer[3]!=guess[3]);

    printf("BINGO!!!\n");

    return 0;
}

Answer 1

Knuth 在 The Computer as Master Mind 中回答了这个问题 并承认很难准确定义它。他建议:

1. 通过将答案中的每个位置与当前猜测中的相同位置进行比较来计算黑色的数量。
2. 如下计算白人加黑人的人数。
3. 用 (2) 减去 (1) 得到白人的数量。

计算白人加黑人:

1. 制作两个数组，ans 和 guess，每种颜色都有一个槽。
2. 对于每种颜色，用答案中该颜色的钉子数量填充ans。同样，用当前猜测中该颜色的钉子数量填充 guess。
3. 为每个 i 加起来 min(ans[i], guess[i])。这是白人加黑人。