python - 为什么我的井字游戏有时过快宣布获胜？

Question

我正在尝试用 Python 制作井字棋游戏，但我无法让它检测到胜利。这是本书的一部分:使用 python 自动化无聊的东西。

下面是代码和我的尝试:

theBoard = {'top-L': ' ', 'top-M': ' ', 'top-R': ' ',
            'mid-L': ' ', 'mid-M': ' ', 'mid-R': ' ',
            'low-L': ' ', 'low-M': ' ', 'low-R': ' '}


def printBoard(board):
    print(board['top-L'] + '|' + board['top-M'] + '|' + board['top-R'])
    print('-+-+-')
    print(board['mid-L'] + '|' + board['mid-M'] + '|' + board['mid-R'])
    print('-+-+-')
    print(board['low-L'] + '|' + board['low-M'] + '|' + board['low-R'])

turn = 'X'

for i in range(9):
    printBoard(theBoard)
    print('Turn for ' + turn + '. Move on which space?')
    move = input()
    theBoard[move] = turn

    #X wins
    if theBoard['top-L' and 'top-M' and 'top-R'] == 'X':
        print('X Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['mid-L' and 'mid-M' and 'mid-R'] == 'X':
        print('X Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['low-L' and 'low-M' and 'low-R'] == 'X':
        print('X Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-L' and 'mid-L' and 'low-L'] == 'X':
        print('X Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-M' and 'mid-M' and 'low-M'] == 'X':
        print('X Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-R' and 'mid-R' and 'low-R'] == 'X':
        print('X Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-L' and 'mid-M' and 'low-R'] == 'X':
        print('X Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-R' and 'mid-M' and 'low-L'] == 'X':
        print('X Won!')
        break

    #O wins
    if theBoard['top-L' and 'top-M' and 'top-R'] == 'O':
        print('O Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['mid-L' and 'mid-M' and 'mid-R'] == 'O':
        print('O Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['low-L' and 'low-M' and 'low-R'] == 'O':
        print('O Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-L' and 'mid-L' and 'low-L'] == 'O':
        print('O Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-M' and 'mid-M' and 'low-M'] == 'O':
        print('O Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-R' and 'mid-R' and 'low-R'] == 'O':
        print('O Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-L' and 'mid-M' and 'low-R'] == 'O':
        print('O Won!')
        break

    if theBoard['top-R' and 'mid-M' and 'low-L'] == 'O':
        print('O Won!')
        break

    if turn == 'X':
        turn = 'O'

    else:
        turn = 'X'

printBoard(theBoard)

发生的事情是:当我键入例如:mid-R 时，它会立即说 X 赢了。前四个“Xwins”工作得很好，但之后一切都出错了，正如我刚才解释的那样。

Answer 1

你的代码的问题是 if theBoard['mid-L' and 'mid-M' and 'mid-R'] == 'X': 没有按照你的想法去做它在做。它不检查所有三个位置是否都是“X”。它只是始终返回最正确的值。参见 Boolean Operation来自文档:

The expression x and y first evaluates x; if x is false, its value is returned; otherwise, y is evaluated and the resulting value is returned.

The expression x or y first evaluates x; if x is true, its value is returned; otherwise, y is evaluated and the resulting value is returned.

由于非空字符串的 bool 值始终为 True，因此 'mid-L' and 'mid-M' and 'mid-R' 将始终返回'mid-R'，它为您提供 theBoard['mid-R'] == 'X' 的条件并将产生 True ，给你 X 获胜的条件。

至于补救措施，我相信@Endyd 已经为您解决了。

最理想的情况是不要对所有获胜条件进行硬编码，但这需要重构您的代码……也许当您有更好的理解时，我建议您回来尝试更动态的解决方案。至于现在，祝你学习愉快!