python - 在 ubuntu 中为 python 和 c++ 集成 opencv 3.0.0 并使用 cmake 构建库

Question

请帮助我在 ubuntu 14.04 中安装 opencv dev 版本 3.0.0 以及如何在 opencv 中创建构建文件夹并创建库。我之前在 ubuntu 中使用过 2.4.9，一切顺利，但我需要 3.0.0，因为我需要其中包含的新命令。那么如何集成opencv 3.0.0并彻底去除2.4.9呢？

如果此方法没有提供正确的构建/发布文件夹怎么办？

使用 CMake 从源代码构建 OpenCV，使用命令行创建一个临时目录，我们将其表示为，您要在其中放置生成的 Makefile、项目文件以及目标文件和输出二进制文件。

输入并输入

cmake [<some optional parameters>] <path to the OpenCV source directory>

例如

cd ~/opencv
mkdir release
cd release
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

进入创建的临时目录()并继续:

make -j8 # -j8 runs 8 jobs in parallel.
     # Change 8 to number of hardware threads available.
sudo make install

Answer 1

在 Linux 中安装这些步骤已针对 Ubuntu 10.04 进行了测试，但也适用于其他发行版。

必需的包

GCC 4.4.x or later
CMake 2.8.7 or higher
Git
GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)
pkg-config
Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)
ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev
[optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev
[optional] libdc1394 2.x
[optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev

可以使用终端和以下命令或使用 Synaptic Manager 安装软件包:

[compiler] sudo apt-get install build-essential
[required] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
[optional] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

获取 OpenCV 源代码

您可以使用最新的稳定 OpenCV 版本，也可以从我们的 Git 存储库中获取最新的快照。

Getting the Latest Stable OpenCV Version
Go to our downloads page.
Download the source archive and unpack it.
Getting the Cutting-edge OpenCV from the Git Repository
Launch Git client and clone OpenCV repository. If you need modules from OpenCV contrib repository then clone it too.

例如

cd ~/<my_working_directory>
git clone https://github.com/Itseez/opencv.git
git clone https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib.git
Building OpenCV from Source Using CMake

创建一个临时目录，我们将其表示为，您要在其中放置生成的 Makefile、项目文件以及目标文件和输出二进制文件，然后进入该目录。

例如

cd ~/opencv
mkdir build
cd build
Configuring. Run cmake [<some optional parameters>] <path to the OpenCV source directory>

例如

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
or cmake-gui





set full path to OpenCV source code, e.g. /home/user/opencv
set full path to <cmake_build_dir>, e.g. /home/user/opencv/build
set optional parameters
run: “Configure”
run: “Generate”

部分参数说明

build type: CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release\Debug
to build with modules from opencv_contrib set OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH to <path to opencv_contrib/modules/>
set BUILD_DOCS for building documents
set BUILD_EXAMPLES to build all examples

[可选] 构建 python。设置以下 python 参数:

PYTHON2(3)_EXECUTABLE = <path to python>
PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR = /usr/include/python<version>
PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR2 = /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/python<version>
PYTHON_LIBRARY = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython<version>.so
PYTHON2(3)_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS = /usr/lib/python<version>/dist-packages/numpy/core/include/
[optional] Building java.

取消设置参数:BUILD_SHARED_LIBS

取消设置 BUILD_EXAMPLES、BUILD_TESTS、BUILD_PERF_TESTS 也很有用 - 因为它们都将与 OpenCV 静态链接并且会占用大量内存。 build 。从构建目录执行make，建议分几个线程执行

例如

make -j7 # runs 7 jobs in parallel
[optional] Building documents. Enter <cmake_build_dir/doc/> and run make with target “html_docs”

例如

cd ~/opencv/build/doc/
make -j7 html_docs

要安装库，从构建目录执行

sudo make install
[optional] Running tests

从 OpenCV 额外存储库获取所需的测试数据。例如

git clone https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_extra.git
set OPENCV_TEST_DATA_PATH environment variable to <path to opencv_extra/testdata>.
execute tests from build directory.

例如

<cmake_build_dir>/bin/opencv_test_core

致谢:OpenCV 安装页面。