python - PyQt --> addItem --> 类型错误 : arguments did not match any overloaded call:

Question

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'chatbox.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.11.3
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
from PyQt5 import QtCore,QtGui,QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import*
import sys, socket
from threading import *
import _thread

def app_version():
        msg_box("Application Version", "Test 0.1")

def msg_box(title, data):
        w = QWidget()
        QMessageBox.information(w, title, data)

def update_list(self, data):
        self.listWidget.addItem(data)
        print ("\a")

def server_socket(self):
    try:
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        s.bind(('', 10420))
        s.listen(1)
    except socket.error:
        msg_box("Socket Error !!",
            "Unable To Setup Local Socket. Port In Use")
        return

    while 1:
        conn, addr = s.accept()

        incoming_ip = str(addr[0])
        current_chat_ip = self.lineEdit.text()

        if incoming_ip != current_chat_ip:
                conn.close()
        else:
                data = conn.recv(4096)
                update_list(self, data)
                conn.close()

    s.close()



class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        self.start_server()
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(860, 646)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.frame = QtWidgets.QFrame(self.centralwidget)
        self.frame.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(80, 50, 671, 31))
        self.frame.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)
        self.frame.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)
        self.frame.setObjectName("frame")
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.frame)
        self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 0, 331, 22))
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.frame)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 0, 61, 21))
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.frame)
        self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(440, 0, 55, 21))
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.lineEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.frame)
        self.lineEdit_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(490, 0, 171, 22))
        self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName("lineEdit_2")
        self.frame_2 = QtWidgets.QFrame(self.centralwidget)
        self.frame_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(80, 90, 401, 411))
        self.frame_2.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)
        self.frame_2.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)
        self.frame_2.setObjectName("frame_2")
        self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.frame_2)
        self.textEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 381, 361))
        self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")
        self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame_2)
        self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 380, 151, 28))
        self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3")

        #############################################################
        # Executes When The Send Message Button Is Clicked
        self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.client_send_message)
        ############################################################

        self.pushButton_4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame_2)
        self.pushButton_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(230, 380, 151, 28))
        self.pushButton_4.setObjectName("pushButton_4")

        #############################################################
        # Executes When The Clear Logs Button Is Clicked
        self.pushButton_4.clicked.connect(self.clear_logs)
        ##############################################################

        self.frame_3 = QtWidgets.QFrame(self.centralwidget)
        self.frame_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(490, 80, 261, 421))
        self.frame_3.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)
        self.frame_3.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)
        self.frame_3.setObjectName("frame_3")
        self.listWidget = QtWidgets.QListWidget(self.frame_3)
        self.listWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 241, 401))
        self.listWidget.setObjectName("listWidget")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 860, 26))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        self.menuMenu_Action = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)
        self.menuMenu_Action.setObjectName("menuMenu_Action")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
        self.actionVersion = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionVersion.setObjectName("actionVersion")

        #######################################################
        # Executes When The SubMenu Item Version Is Clicked
        self.actionVersion.triggered.connect(app_version)
        #######################################################

        self.actionExit = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionExit.setObjectName("actionExit")

        #######################################################
        # Executes When The SubMenu Item Exit Is Clicked
        self.actionExit.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)
        #######################################################

        self.menuMenu_Action.addAction(self.actionVersion)
        self.menuMenu_Action.addAction(self.actionExit)
        self.menubar.addAction(self.menuMenu_Action.menuAction())

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def clear_logs(self):
        self.listWidget.clear()

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "IP address"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Name"))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Send"))
        self.pushButton_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Clear logs"))
        self.menuMenu_Action.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Menu Action"))
        self.actionVersion.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Version"))
        self.actionExit.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Exit"))

    def start_server(self):
        Thread(target=server_socket, args=(self,)).start()
        msg_box("Success", "Server Started Sucessfully")

    def client_send_message(self):
        ip_address = self.lineEdit.text()

        nick = self.lineEdit_2.text()
        nick = nick.replace("#>","")
        rmessage = self.textEdit.toPlainText()
        rmessage = rmessage.replace("#>","")

        rmsg =  nick + " #> " + rmessage

        c = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

        try:
            c.connect((ip_address, 10420))
        except Exception:
            msg_box("Connection Refused", "The Address You Are Trying To Reach Is Currently Unavailable")
            return

        try:
                c.send(rmsg)
                self.listWidget.addItem(rmsg)
                self.textEdit.setText("")
        except Exception:
                msg_box("Connection Refused", "The Message Cannot Be Sent. End-Point Not Connected !!")

        c.close()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

我尝试基于 https://null-byte.wonderhowto.com/how-to/sploit-build-peer-peer-chat-application-python-gui-linux-0163617/ 制作聊天应用程序

并出现错误

Exception in thread Thread-1: Traceback (most recent call last):  
File "D:\Program Files\python 3.7\lib\threading.py", line 917, in_bootstrap_inner 
self.run()
File "D:\Program Files\python 3.7\lib\threading.py", line 865, in run 
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)   
File "chatbox.py", line 47, in server_socket 
update_list(self, data)
 File "chatbox.py", line 24, in update_list 
 self.listWidget.addItem(data)
 TypeError: arguments did not match any overloaded call:
 addItem(self, QListWidgetItem): argument 1 has unexpected type 'bytes'
  addItem(self, str): argument 1 has unexpected type 'bytes'

刚开始写代码，如有错误请谅解

Answer 1

通过recv()接收到的是字节，但QListWidget需要字符串，因此解决方案是使用decode()对其进行转换。

但是你的代码还有另一个隐藏的错误(在我看来，教程的作者对GUI知之甚少，所以我建议寻找另一个教程)，GUI不能从另一个线程更新，这是Qt禁止的，因此解决方案是使用信号，或者在本例中使用 @pyqtSlot() 和 QMetaObject::invokeMethod()。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'chatbox.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.11.3
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
from PyQt5 import QtCore,QtGui,QtWidgets
import sys
import socket
import threading


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(860, 646)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.frame = QtWidgets.QFrame(self.centralwidget)
        self.frame.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(80, 50, 671, 31))
        self.frame.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)
        self.frame.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)
        self.frame.setObjectName("frame")
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.frame)
        self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 0, 331, 22))
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.frame)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 0, 61, 21))
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.frame)
        self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(440, 0, 55, 21))
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.lineEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.frame)
        self.lineEdit_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(490, 0, 171, 22))
        self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName("lineEdit_2")
        self.frame_2 = QtWidgets.QFrame(self.centralwidget)
        self.frame_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(80, 90, 401, 411))
        self.frame_2.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)
        self.frame_2.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)
        self.frame_2.setObjectName("frame_2")
        self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.frame_2)
        self.textEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 381, 361))
        self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")
        self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame_2)
        self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 380, 151, 28))
        self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3")

        #############################################################
        # Executes When The Send Message Button Is Clicked
        self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.client_send_message)
        ############################################################

        self.pushButton_4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame_2)
        self.pushButton_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(230, 380, 151, 28))
        self.pushButton_4.setObjectName("pushButton_4")

        #############################################################
        # Executes When The Clear Logs Button Is Clicked
        self.pushButton_4.clicked.connect(self.clear_logs)
        ##############################################################

        self.frame_3 = QtWidgets.QFrame(self.centralwidget)
        self.frame_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(490, 80, 261, 421))
        self.frame_3.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)
        self.frame_3.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)
        self.frame_3.setObjectName("frame_3")
        self.listWidget = QtWidgets.QListWidget(self.frame_3)
        self.listWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 241, 401))
        self.listWidget.setObjectName("listWidget")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 860, 26))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        self.menuMenu_Action = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)
        self.menuMenu_Action.setObjectName("menuMenu_Action")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
        self.actionVersion = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionVersion.setObjectName("actionVersion")
        self.actionExit = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionExit.setObjectName("actionExit")
        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)


    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "IP address"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Name"))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Send"))
        self.pushButton_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Clear logs"))
        self.menuMenu_Action.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Menu Action"))
        self.actionVersion.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Version"))
        self.actionExit.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Exit"))


class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        #######################################################
        # Executes When The SubMenu Item Version Is Clicked
        self.actionVersion.triggered.connect(self.app_version)
        #######################################################

        #######################################################
        # Executes When The SubMenu Item Exit Is Clicked
        self.actionExit.triggered.connect(QtWidgets.qApp.quit)
        #######################################################

        self.menuMenu_Action.addAction(self.actionVersion)
        self.menuMenu_Action.addAction(self.actionExit)
        self.menubar.addAction(self.menuMenu_Action.menuAction())
        self.start_server()

    def clear_logs(self):
        self.listWidget.clear()

    def start_server(self):
        threading.Thread(target=server_socket, args=(self,)).start()
        self.msg_box("Success", "Server Started Sucessfully")

    def client_send_message(self):
        ip_address = self.lineEdit.text()
        nick = self.lineEdit_2.text()
        nick = nick.replace("#>","")
        rmessage = self.textEdit.toPlainText()
        rmessage = rmessage.replace("#>","")
        rmsg =  nick + " #> " + rmessage
        c = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        try:
            c.connect((ip_address, 10420))
        except Exception:
            self.msg_box("Connection Refused", "The Address You Are Trying To Reach Is Currently Unavailable")
            return
        try:
            c.send(rmsg.encode())
            self.listWidget.addItem(rmsg)
            self.textEdit.clear()
        except Exception:
            self.msg_box("Connection Refused", "The Message Cannot Be Sent. End-Point Not Connected !!")
        c.close()

    def app_version(self):
        self.msg_box("Application Version", "Test 0.1")

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str, str)
    def msg_box(self, title, data):
        QtWidgets.QMessageBox.information(None, title, data)

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str)
    def update_list(self, data):
        self.listWidget.addItem(data)
        print("\a")

def server_socket(self):
    try:
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        s.bind(('', 10420))
        s.listen(1)
    except socket.error:
        QtCore.QMetaObject.invokeMethod(self, "msg_box", QtCore.Qt.QueuedConnection, QtCore.Q_ARG(str, "Socket Error !!"),
            QtCore.Q_ARG(str, "Unable To Setup Local Socket. Port In Use"))
        return
    while True:
        conn, addr = s.accept()
        incoming_ip = str(addr[0])
        current_chat_ip = self.lineEdit.text()
        if incoming_ip != current_chat_ip:
            conn.close()
        else:
            data = conn.recv(4096).decode()
            QtCore.QMetaObject.invokeMethod(self, "update_list", QtCore.Qt.QueuedConnection, QtCore.Q_ARG(str,data))
            conn.close()
    s.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = MainWindow()
    w.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

另一方面，我建议使用 QTcpSocket，因为使用它不需要线程，在这个 link 中。您可以找到几个示例。